Rig Veda 4.14.3: Mandala 4, Sukta 14, Mantra 3
Sukta 4.14
Devata: Uṣas (Dawn)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
आवहन्त्यरुणीर्ज्योतिषागान्मही चित्रा रश्मिभिश्चेकिताना । प्रबोधयन्ती सुविताय देव्युषा ईयते सुयुजा रथेन ॥
Transliteration
āváhanty aruṇī́r jyótiṣā́gān mahī́ citrā́ raśmíbhiś cékītānā | pra-bódhayantī su-vitā́ya dēvy ùṣā́ īyate su-yújā ráthena ||
Translation
彼女は紅の光を携えて、光明とともに来た――広大にして多彩、光線によって覚知する。善き旅路のために我らを目覚めさせつつ、女神ウシャス（暁）はよく軛を結ばれた車で進みゆく。
Word by Word
आवहन्तिthey bring, they convey (hither)
आवहन्ति:
Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√वह् (वहति) + आ-
अरुणीःthe ruddy (mares/steeds)
अरुणीः:
Karma
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootअरुणी- (प्रातिपदिक; अरुण ‘reddish’ से)
ज्योतिषाwith light, by radiance
ज्योतिषा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootज्योतिस्-
अगात्she went, she came
अगात्:
Kriyā (अनुषङ्ग/सम्बद्ध क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√गम् (गच्छति) [Vedic aorist]
महीgreat
मही:
Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootमही-
चित्राbright, variegated, wondrous
चित्रा:
Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootचित्रा-
रश्मिभिःwith rays
रश्मिभिः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootरश्मि-
चेकि॑तानाshining forth, clearly manifest
चेकि॑ताना:
Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective/Participle
Root√चित् (चेतति) [intensive/perfect-like Vedic form ‘cekitāna’]
प्रबोधयन्तीawakening, rousing
प्रबोधयन्ती:
Kartā
TypeParticiple
Root√बुध् (बोधयति) + प्र-
सुवितायfor good passage/prosperity
सुविताय:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun
Rootसुवित-
देवीthe goddess
देवी:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootदेवी-
उषाःUṣas (Dawn)
उषाः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootउषस्-
ईयतेshe goes, she advances
ईयते:
Kriyā (मुख्यक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√इ (एति/इयति) [Vedic middle]
सुयुजाwell-yoked, well-harnessed
सुयुजा:
Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसु- + युज् (युज् ‘yoked/fit’) → सुयुज्/सुयुजा-
रथेनwith a chariot
रथेन:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootरथ-
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