Rig Veda 3.57.5: Mandala 3, Sukta 57, Mantra 5
Sukta 3.57
Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina
Devata: Agni
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; verify metrically)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
या ते जिह्वा मधुमती सुमेधा अग्ने देवेषूच्यत उरूची । तयेह विश्वाँ अवसे यजत्राना सादय पायया चा मधूनि ॥
Transliteration
yā́ te jihvā́ mádhumatī sumedhā́ agne devéṣūcyáte urūcī́ | táyehá víśvā́n ávase yájatrān ā́ sādaya pāyayā́ cā́ madhū́ni ||
Translation
汝のその舌は、蜜（madhu）に満ち、善き慧（sumedhā）を備え、アグニ（Agni）よ、神々の間で広く輝く（urūcī）と語られる。その舌によってここに、われらの護りのため、供物にふさわしき諸力（yajatra）をことごとく坐らせ、また甘味（madhūni）を飲ませよ。
Word by Word
याwhich (she)
या:
Kartā (of ‘उच्यते’)
TypePronoun (relative)
Rootयद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
तेof you / your
ते:
Sambandha (genitive relation)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
जिह्वाtongue
जिह्वा:
Kartā (apposition to ‘या’)
TypeNoun
Rootजिह्वा (prātipadika)
मधुमतीhoneyed, sweet
मधुमती:
Viśeṣaṇa (of ‘जिह्वा’)
TypeAdjective
Rootमधुमत् (prātipadika)
सुमेधाof good wisdom / good intelligence
सुमेधा:
Viśeṣaṇa (of ‘जिह्वा’)
TypeAdjective
Rootसुमेधा (prātipadika)
अग्नेO Agni
अग्ने:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootअग्नि (prātipadika)
देवेषुamong the gods
देवेषु:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (prātipadika)
उच्यतेis spoken/called
उच्यते:
Kriyā (verbal predicate)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु) → उच्यते (passive)
उरूचीwide-shining / far-reaching in radiance
उरूची:
Viśeṣaṇa (of ‘जिह्वा’)
TypeAdjective
Rootउरु + अञ्च्/अच् (as prātipadika ‘उरूची’)
तयाwith that (tongue)
तया:
Karaṇa
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (sarvanāma-prātipadika)
इहhere
इह:
Adhikaraṇa (deictic place)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह (avyaya)
विश्वान्all (of them)
विश्वान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootविश्व (prātipadika)
अवसेfor help, for aid
अवसे:
Sampradāna (purpose/benefit)
TypeNoun
Rootअवस् (prātipadika)
यजत्रान्the worshipful ones
यजत्रान्:
Karma (in apposition to ‘विश्वान्’)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootयजत्र (prātipadika)
आtowards, hither
आ:
(with verb) directional modifier
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootआ (upasarga/avyaya)
सादयseat, cause to sit (bring to rest)
सादय:
Kriyā (imperative)
TypeVerb
Rootसद् (धातु) causative: सादयति
पाययाmake (them) drink, give to drink
पायया:
Kriyā (imperative)
TypeVerb
Rootपा (धातु) causative: पाययति
चand
च:
Samuccaya (connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (avyaya)
मधूनिsweet drinks / honeys
मधूनि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमधु (prātipadika)
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