Rig Veda 3.52.5: Mandala 3, Sukta 52, Mantra 5
Sukta 3.52
Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (traditional)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable, due to longer multi-word pādas)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
माध्यंदिनस्य सवनस्य धानाः पुरोळाशमिन्द्र कृष्वेह चारुम् । प्र यत्स्तोता जरिता तूर्ण्यर्थो वृषायमाण उप गीर्भिरीट्टे ॥
Transliteration
mā́dhyandinasya sávanaśya dhānā́ḥ puroḷā́śam indra kṛṣvehá cā́rum | prá yát stotā́ jaritā́ tūrṇyàrtho vṛṣāyámāṇa úpa gīrbhír ī́ṭṭe ||
Translation
正午の搾り（mādhyandina-savana）のために、インドラよ、ここに穀粒とpuroḷāśaとを麗しく、力あるものとなせ。讃える歌い手・詠唱者が、狙い迅く前へ進み、牡牛の力のごとく奮い立つとき、彼は見通す言葉の讃歌をもって近づき、汝を礼拝する。
Word by Word
माध्यंदिनस्यof the midday
माध्यंदिनस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive; सवनस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeNoun/Adjective (tatpuruṣa) प्रयुक्तः विशेषणवत्
Rootमाध्यंदिन (प्रातिपदिक; मध्यं-दिन)
सवनस्यof the Soma-pressing (libation)
सवनस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive; धानाः/पुरोळाशम् इत्यस्य सम्बन्धः)
TypeNoun
Rootसवन (प्रातिपदिक; √सु ‘to press (Soma)’)
धानाःgrains; offerings (of grain)
धानाः:
कर्तृ/विषय (स्तुत्य-उपहाराः; ‘offerings’ as subject)
TypeNoun
Rootधान (प्रातिपदिक)
पुरोळाशम्the puroḍāśa cake
पुरोळाशम्:
कर्म (कृष्व इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootपुरोळाश (प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रO Indra
इन्द्र:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun (vocative)
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
कृष्वmake! prepare!
कृष्व:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√कृ (करोति)
इहhere
इह:
अधिकारण (देश)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह (अव्यय)
चारुम्beautiful; pleasing
चारुम्:
विशेषण (कर्मणः)
TypeAdjective
Rootचारु (प्रातिपदिक)
प्रforth; forward
प्र:
क्रियाविशेषण (गीर्भिः/ईट्टे इत्यस्य)
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootप्र (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
यत्that which
यत्:
कर्म (ईट्टे इत्यस्य; ‘what he praises’)
TypePronoun (relative)
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
स्तोताthe praiser
स्तोता:
कर्ता (ईट्टे इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun (agent)
Rootस्तोतृ (प्रातिपदिक; √स्तु ‘to praise’)
जरिताthe singer; the laudator
जरिता:
कर्ता (स्तोता इत्यस्य समन्वयः)
TypeNoun (agent)
Rootजरितृ (प्रातिपदिक; √गॄ/गिर् ‘to sing/praise’ in RV usage; ‘singer’)
तूर्ण्यर्थःswift-purposed; quick in aim
तूर्ण्यर्थः:
विशेषण (कर्तुः)
TypeAdjective (compound)
Rootतूर्णि (प्रातिपदिक ‘swiftly’) + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक) (बहुव्रीहि/तत्पुरुष-समास; ‘having swift aim/purpose’)
वृषायमाणःacting like a bull; growing vigorous
वृषायमाणः:
कर्ता (ईट्टे इत्यस्य; ‘being vigorous’)
TypeParticiple
Root√वृष्/वृषा- (denom./intensive sense ‘to act as a bull; be vigorous’) → वृषायमाण (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
उपtowards; near
उप:
क्रियाविशेषण (ईट्टे)
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootउप (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
गीर्भिःwith hymns; with songs
गीर्भिः:
करण (ईट्टे इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootगिर् (प्रातिपदिक)
ईट्टेpraises; invokes
ईट्टे:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√ईड् (ईळते/ईट्टे ‘to praise, invoke’)
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