Rig Veda 2.40.3: Mandala 2, Sukta 40, Mantra 3
Sukta 2.40
Rishi: Gṛtsamada (and/or the Gṛtsamada lineage)
Devata: Soma-Pūṣan (dual)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (likely)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
सोमापूषणा रजसो विमानं सप्तचक्रं रथमविश्वमिन्वम् । विषूवृतं मनसा युज्यमानं तं जिन्वथो वृषणा पञ्चरश्मिम् ॥
Transliteration
somā́pūṣaṇā rájaso vimā́naṃ saptácakraṃ rátham áviśvaminvam | viṣūvṛ́taṃ mánasā yujyámānaṃ táṃ jinvatho vṛṣaṇā páñcaraśmim ||
Translation
ソーマよ、プーシャンよ、汝らは中界（ラジャス）を量る車を駆り立てる。七輪の戦車、万有を動かし進むもの。広く旋回し、心によって軛（くびき）される――その五つの手綱の力を、雄々しき二神よ、汝らは走らせる。
Word by Word
सोमापूषणाSoma and Pūṣan
सोमापूषणा:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun (dual compound)
Rootसोम + पूषन्
रजसःof the mid-air/space (rajas)
रजसः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootरजस्
विमानम्the traversing car/vehicle (measuring/traversing)
विमानम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootवि + मा (माने/मितौ) → विमान (प्रातिपदिक)
सप्तचक्रम्seven-wheeled
सप्तचक्रम्:
विशेषण (of रथम्)
TypeAdjective (compound)
Rootसप्त + चक्र
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
अविश्वमिन्वम्impelling all (everywhere), all-driving
अविश्वमिन्वम्:
विशेषण (of रथम्)
TypeAdjective (kṛdanta)
Rootअ + विश्व + इन् (इन्-प्रत्यय) + √इव्/इन्व् (in Vedic: ‘to set in motion, impel’) → इन्व (कृदन्त-विशेषण)
विषूवृतम्turned/rolling apart in different directions; widely-coursing
विषूवृतम्:
विशेषण (of तम् = रथम्)
TypeAdjective (past passive participle)
Rootविषू + √वृत् (वर्तने) → वृत (क्त) with उपसर्ग/अव्यय ‘विषू’
मनसाwith mind; by thought
मनसा:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
युज्यमानम्being yoked/harnessed
युज्यमानम्:
विशेषण (of तम् = रथम्)
TypeParticiple (present passive/middle)
Root√युज् (योजने) → युज्यमान (शानच्; कर्मणि/मध्य) वर्तमान कृदन्त
तम्that (chariot/one)
तम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
जिन्वथःyou two impel/animate
जिन्वथः:
क्रिया (कर्तृ: सोमापूषणा)
TypeVerb
Root√जिव्/जिन् (जिन्वति ‘to quicken, impel, invigorate’)
वृषणाyou two bulls; vigorous ones
वृषणा:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootवृषन्
पञ्चरश्मिम्five-reined; having five reins/rays
पञ्चरश्मिम्:
विशेषण (of तम् = रथम्)
TypeAdjective (compound)
Rootपञ्च + रश्मि
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