Rig Veda 2.34.12: Mandala 2, Sukta 34, Mantra 12
Sukta 2.34
Rishi: Gṛtsamada (traditional)
Devata: Maruts with Dawn/Daśagvas imagery (transitional mythic references within Marut hymn)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
ते दशग्वाः प्रथमा यज्ञमूहिरे ते नो हिन्वन्तूषसो व्युष्टिषु । उषा न रामीररुणैरपोर्णुते महो ज्योतिषा शुचता गोअर्णसा ॥
Transliteration
té daśagvā́ḥ prathamā́ yajñám ūhire té no hinvantūṣáso vyùṣṭiṣu | uṣā́ na rāmī́r aruṇáir ápornute mahó jyótiṣā śucatā́ goárṇasā ||
Translation
そのダシャグヴァ（Daśagva）たちは、最初に祭儀を推し進めた者たち。彼らが、明けゆく暁の開ける時々に、われらのウシャス（Uṣas, 暁）を励まし促しますように。暁のごとき麗しき者は、紅の光線によって覆いを解く――大いなる光によって、清浄によって、そして「牛」（go、知の光線）の溢れる流れによって。
Word by Word
तेthey
ते:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
दशग्वाःthe Daśagvas (a group of seers/ritualists)
दशग्वाः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootदशगु (प्रातिपदिक; ‘दश-गु’)
प्रथमाःthe first
प्रथमाः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रथम (प्रातिपदिक)
यज्ञम्sacrifice, rite
यज्ञम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
ऊहिरेthey bore/undertook (performed)
ऊहिरे:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवह् (धातु; वहति ‘to carry/perform’), वैदिक-रूप: ऊह्/ऊहति (उपसर्ग-रहित)
तेthey
ते:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
नःfor us / our
नः:
Sampradāna
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
हिन्वन्तुlet them impel/urge
हिन्वन्तु:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootहिव्/हिन्व् (धातु; ‘to impel, set in motion, quicken’)
उषसःthe dawns
उषसः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउषस् (प्रातिपदिक)
व्युष्टिषुin the dawnings
व्युष्टिषु:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootव्युष्टि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘dawning, daybreak’)
उषाःDawn
उषाः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootउषस् (प्रातिपदिक)
नlike
न:
(सम्बन्ध/उपमा)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
रामिःdelightful, gracious
रामिः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootरामि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘delighting/pleasant’, वैदिक)
अरुणैःwith ruddy (rays/steeds)
अरुणैः:
Karaṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootअरुण (प्रातिपदिक)
अपःthe waters
अपः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअप् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘water’)
उर्णुतेshe covers/envelops
उर्णुते:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवृ (धातु; ‘to cover, envelop’; वैदिक प्रयोगः ‘उर्णुते’)
महःgreat (vast)
महः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहत्/महस् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘greatness, great’)
ज्योतिषाwith light
ज्योतिषा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootज्योतिस् (प्रातिपदिक)
शुचताbright, pure
शुचता:
Karaṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootशुच्/शुचि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘bright, pure’)
गोअर्णसाwith cow-bringing/‘cow-flood’ radiance (rich in cows/light)
गोअर्णसा:
Karaṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootगो-अर्णस् (समास-प्रातिपदिक; ‘cow-like flood/stream’ अथवा ‘गो-रश्मि-सम्बद्ध तेजः’)
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