Rig Veda 2.12.11: Mandala 2, Sukta 12, Mantra 11
Sukta 2.12
Rishi: Gṛtsamada (traditional)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यः शम्बरं पर्वतेषु क्षियन्तं चत्वारिंश्यां शरद्यन्वविन्दत् । ओजायमानं यो अहिं जघान दानुं शयानं स जनास इन्द्रः ॥
Transliteration
yaḥ śambaram parvateṣu kṣiyantaṃ catvāriṃśyāṃ śarady anvavindat | ojāyamānaṃ yo ahiṃ jaghāna dānuṃ śayānaṃ sa janāsa indraḥ ||
Translation
彼は山々に住むシャンバラ（Śambara）を、四十の秋にわたり追い詰めて見いだした。彼は力を増して膨れ上がる蛇を討ち、伏して潜むダーヌ（Dānu）を打ち倒した——民よ、これぞインドラ（Indra）である。
Word by Word
यःwho (he who)
यः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
शम्बरम्Śambara (the demon)
शम्बरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun (proper name)
Rootशम्बर (प्रातिपदिक)
पर्वतेषुin the mountains
पर्वतेषु:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootपर्वत (प्रातिपदिक)
क्षियन्तम्dwelling, abiding
क्षियन्तम्:
Karma
TypeParticiple (present)
Rootक्षि (धातु) → क्षियन्त् (वर्तमान-कृदन्त)
चत्वारिंश्याम्in the fortieth
चत्वारिंश्याम्:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNumeral (ordinal/locative expression)
Rootचत्वारिंशत् (संख्यावाचक-प्रातिपदिक)
शरदिautumn; year/season
शरदि:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootशरद् (प्रातिपदिक)
अनुafter, along, in course
अनु:
Upasarga/Avyaya (verb-modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनु (अव्यय)
अविन्दत्found; discovered
अविन्दत्:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootविद् (लभे/विन्दति) धातु
ओजायमानम्growing in strength; waxing in might
ओजायमानम्:
Karma
TypeParticiple (present middle)
Rootओजस् (प्रातिपदिक) + √या/यम् (धातु) → ओजायमान (वर्तमान-कृदन्त)
यःwho
यः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अहिम्the serpent (Ahi/Vṛtra)
अहिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअहि (प्रातिपदिक)
जघानslew; struck down
जघान:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु) → जघान (परिपूर्ण/लिट्-रूप)
दानुम्Dānu (demonic being; mother of demons)
दानुम्:
Karma
TypeNoun (proper/epithet)
Rootदानु (प्रातिपदिक)
शयानम्lying (prostrate)
शयानम्:
Karma
TypeParticiple (present)
Rootशी (धातु) → शयान (वर्तमान-कृदन्त)
सःhe
सः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
जनासःpeoples; men
जनासः:
Kartā (appositional epithet) / संबोधनार्थ-सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootजन (प्रातिपदिक) → जनास् (वैदिक बहुवचन-प्रथमा)
इन्द्रःIndra
इन्द्रः:
Kartā
TypeNoun (deity name)
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
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