Rig Veda 10.85.7: Mandala 10, Sukta 85, Mantra 7
Sukta 10.85
Devata: Sūryā (bride); Dyāvā-Pṛthivī (Heaven-Earth as cosmic witnesses/support)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; not metrically verified from input alone)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
चित्तिरा उपबर्हणं चक्षुरा अभ्यञ्जनम् । द्यौर्भूमिः कोश आसीद्यदयात्सूर्या पतिम् ॥
Transliteration
cíttirā upabárhaṇaṁ cákṣurā abhyáñjanam | dyáur bhū́miḥ kóśa āsīd yád ayāt sū́ryā pátiṃ ||
Translation
目覚めの思いは彼女の敷き枕、見通す眼は彼女の塗香。天と地とはその小函となった——スーリヤー（Sūryā）が夫のもとへ赴くとき。
Word by Word
चित्तिराःbright, variegated
चित्तिराः:
Viśeṣaṇa (of Karma)
TypeAdjective
Rootचित्र (प्रातिपदिक) < PIE *ḱei̯t- ‘to shine, be bright’ (semantic)
उपबर्हणम्a cushion/bolster (for the bride)
उपबर्हणम्:
Karma (object implied: ‘(they make/prepare) a cushion’)
TypeNoun
Rootउपबर्हण (प्रातिपदिक) < उप- + √बृह्/बर्ह् (वृद्धौ/विस्तारे) → ‘उपबर्हण’ ‘cushion, bolster’
चक्षुराःeye-brightening; for the eyes
चक्षुराः:
Viśeṣaṇa (of Karma)
TypeAdjective
Rootचक्षुर (प्रातिपदिक) < चक्षुस् ‘eye’ (from √चक्ष् ‘to see’)
अभ्यञ्जनम्ointment; collyrium (eye-salve)
अभ्यञ्जनम्:
Karma (object implied: ‘(they apply) ointment/collyrium’)
TypeNoun
Rootअभ्यञ्जन (प्रातिपदिक) < अभि- + √अञ्ज् ‘to smear/anoint’
द्यौःHeaven (Sky)
द्यौः:
Kartā (with आसीत्)
TypeNoun
Rootद्यौ/दिव् (प्रातिपदिक) ‘sky’ < PIE *di̯eu- ‘sky, shine’
भूमिःEarth
भूमिः:
Kartā (co-subject with द्यौः)
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि (प्रातिपदिक) < √भू ‘to be, become’
कोशःa casket; receptacle
कोशः:
Kartā/Prātipadika-predicate (with आसीत्: ‘was a casket’)
TypeNoun
Rootकोश (प्रातिपदिक) ‘container, sheath, treasury’
आसीत्was
आसीत्:
(copula) — links subject and predicate
TypeVerb
Root√अस् ‘to be’
यत्when; that which
यत्:
Sambandha (relative connector)
TypeRelative pronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अयात्went
अयात्:
Kartā (implicit: सूर्याः)
TypeVerb
Root√या ‘to go’ (with preverb अ- here as augment of imperfect)
सूर्याःSūryā (the bride, daughter of the Sun)
सूर्याः:
Kartā (of अयात्)
TypeNoun (proper) / feminine
Rootसूर्या (प्रातिपदिक) ‘Sūryā’ (the Sun-maiden; bride in the hymn)
पतिम्(to her) husband
पतिम्:
Karma (object of अयात्)
TypeNoun
Rootपति (प्रातिपदिक) ‘husband, lord’
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