Rig Veda 10.48.7: Mandala 10, Sukta 48, Mantra 7
Sukta 10.48
Rishi: Indra (self-proclaiming voice), traditionally ascribed within the Indra-ātmastuti hymns of Maṇḍala 10
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable for 10.48; requires full metrical scan for confirmation)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अभीदमेकमेको अस्मि निष्षाळभी द्वा किमु त्रयः करन्ति । खले न पर्षान्प्रति हन्मि भूरि किं मा निन्दन्ति शत्रवोऽनिन्द्राः ॥
Transliteration
abhī́dám ékam éko asmi niṣṣā́ḷ abhí dvā́ kím u tráyaḥ karanti | khále ná párṣān práti hanmi bhū́ri kím mā nindanti śátravó ’nindrā́ḥ ||
Translation
このただ一つの敵対に向かい、われは独り立つ。一者なるわれは砕かれぬ。二つが何になろう、まして三つが。打穀場の穀粒のごとく、われは多くの障りを打ち倒す。インドラの力なき敵どもは、なぜなおわれを罵るのか。
Word by Word
अभीदम्towards/at this
अभीदम्:
कर्म (इदम् = ‘इदम्’ as object of implied ‘to/at’ with अभि)
TypeIndeclinable + Pronoun
Rootअभि + इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक ‘इदम्’)
एकम्one (single)
एकम्:
कर्म/विशेषण (of implied object) अथवा क्रियाविशेषण
TypeAdjective (Numeral)
Rootएक (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
एकःalone, one
एकः:
कर्तृ (predicate-nominative with अस्मि)
TypeAdjective (Numeral)
Rootएक (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
अस्मिI am
अस्मि:
(अखण्ड) क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
निःषाळ्irresistible, unassailable
निःषाळ्:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootनिः + षह्/सह् (Vedic: ‘to endure, be strong’; prātipadika निःषाळ् ‘unassailable/irresistible’)
अभीtowards, against
अभी:
क्रियाविशेषण (direction/intensity) to करन्ति
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभि (अव्यय/उपसर्ग)
द्वाtwo
द्वा:
कर्तृ (of करन्ति)
TypeAdjective (Numeral)
Rootद्वि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
किम्what?
किम्:
(प्रश्न/निपात-प्रयोग)
TypePronoun
Rootकिम् (प्रश्न-सर्वनाम)
उindeed, then
उ:
(निपात; emphasis/continuation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउ (निपात)
त्रयःthree
त्रयः:
कर्तृ (of करन्ति)
TypeAdjective (Numeral)
Rootत्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
करन्तिdo, can do
करन्ति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
खलेon the threshing-floor
खले:
अधिकरण (locus: ‘in/at the threshing-floor’)
TypeNoun
Rootखल (प्रातिपदिक)
नnot
न:
(निषेध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निषेध-निपात)
पर्षान्heaps/sheaves (of grain)
पर्षान्:
कर्म (of हन्मि)
TypeNoun
Rootपर्षन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘sheaf/heap, bundle’; Vedic) अथवा पर्षा- (collective)
प्रतिagainst, back
प्रति:
क्रियाविशेषण (direction: ‘against/back’)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति (अव्यय/उपसर्ग)
हन्मिI strike, I smite
हन्मि:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु)
भूरिmuch, greatly
भूरि:
क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable (adverbial) / Adjective
Rootभूरि (अव्यय/विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक ‘much, many’)
किम्why? what?
किम्:
(प्रश्न)
TypePronoun
Rootकिम् (प्रश्न-सर्वनाम)
माम्me
माम्:
कर्म (of निन्दन्ति)
TypePronoun
Rootअहम् (सर्वनाम)
निन्दन्तिthey blame, revile
निन्दन्ति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootनिन्द् (धातु)
शत्रवःenemies
शत्रवः:
कर्तृ (of निन्दन्ति)
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु (प्रातिपदिक)
अनिन्द्राःIndra-less; not having Indra (i.e., powerless)
अनिन्द्राः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootअ- + इन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
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