Rig Veda 10.41.1: Mandala 10, Sukta 41, Mantra 1
Sukta 10.41
Devata: Uṣas (Dawn) (with chariot imagery possibly linked to a divine vehicle; devata explicitly uṣasaḥ in the verse)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
समानमु त्यं पुरुहूतमुक्थ्यं रथं त्रिचक्रं सवना गनिग्मतम् । परिज्मानं विदथ्यं सुवृक्तिभिर्वयं व्युष्टा उषसो हवामहे ॥
Transliteration
samānám u tyáṃ puruhūtám ukthyáṃ ráthaṃ tri-cakrám savánā ganigmatám | parí-jmānaṃ vidathyáṃ suvṛ́ktibhir vayáṃ vyùṣṭā uṣásaḥ havāmahe ||
Translation
その同じく幾たびも呼ばれ、讃歌にふさわしき車——三輪の車、搾り（savana）へと赴くもの——が来臨した。周り巡り、集会（vidatha）にかなうその車を、よく織られた言葉（suvṛkti）もて、夜明けの時にわれらはウシャスたち（Uṣas、曙光）を呼び招き、目覚めへと導く。
Word by Word
समानम्the same (one)
समानम्:
कर्म (विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootसमान- (प्रातिपदिक) < सम (PIE *sem- ‘one, same’)
उindeed, and
उ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउ (निपात)
त्यम्that (him)
त्यम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
पुरुहूतम्much-invoked
पुरुहूतम्:
कर्म (विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective (epithet)
Rootपुरुहूत- (प्रातिपदिक; पुरु ‘many’ + हूत ‘invoked’ < √ह्वा)
उक्थ्यम्worthy of hymns / to be praised
उक्थ्यम्:
कर्म (विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootउक्थ्य- (प्रातिपदिक; उक्थ ‘hymn’ < √वच्)
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootरथ- (प्रातिपदिक)
त्रिचक्रम्three-wheeled
त्रिचक्रम्:
कर्म (विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective (compound)
Rootत्रिचक्र- (प्रातिपदिक; त्रि + चक्र)
सवनाःat the soma-pressings (rites)
सवनाः:
अधिकारण (काल/अवसर)
TypeNoun
Rootसवन- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘pressing/rite’ < √सु ‘to press’)
गनिग्मतम्you have come / you have reached
गनिग्मतम्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√गम् (धातु) with reduplication; perfect/prehistoric perfect stem (वेदिक)
परिज्मानम्all-circling, far-ranging
परिज्मानम्:
कर्म (विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective (epithet)
Rootपरिज्मन्- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘going around, revolving’ < परि + √ज्मा/√गम्-गतिः; वेदिक)
विदथ्यम्belonging to the vidatha (ritual assembly), ritual-worthy
विदथ्यम्:
कर्म (विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootविदथ्य- (प्रातिपदिक; विदथ ‘assembly/rite’ < √विद्/√वद्?; वेदिक)
सुवृक्तिभिःwith well-fashioned hymns
सुवृक्तिभिः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootसुवृक्ति- (प्रातिपदिक; सु + वृक्ति ‘well-turned hymn’ < √वृज्/√वर्च्?; ‘composition’)
वयम्we
वयम्:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
व्यूष्टाःhaving dawned forth / fully awakened (at dawn)
व्यूष्टाः:
कर्तृ (विशेषणम्)
TypeParticiple (Adjective)
Rootवि + √उष्/√वस्? (वेदिक ‘to dawn, shine forth’); past passive participle from causative/derived stem ‘व्यूष्’
उषसःthe Dawns
उषसः:
कर्तृ (हवामहे इत्यस्य आह्वेयाः)
TypeNoun
Rootउषस्- (प्रातिपदिक)
हवामहेwe invoke / we call
हवामहे:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√ह्वा (धातु)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
Ask anything about this verse
Answers come straight from the texts, with the shlokas they draw on. Ask in your own words.
Not sure where to start?
A free sign-in with Google or Apple keeps your chat saved across web and the app.
Read Rig Veda in the Vedapath app
Scan the QR code to open this directly in the app, with word-by-word meanings, Sanskrit recitation where available, and more.