Rig Veda 10.38.4: Mandala 10, Sukta 38, Mantra 4
Sukta 10.38
Rishi: Purūṣṭuta (traditional; verify per anukramaṇī)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यो दभ्रेभिर्हव्यो यश्च भूरिभिर्यो अभीके वरिवोविन्नृषाह्ये । तं विखादे सस्निमद्य श्रुतं नरमर्वाञ्चमिन्द्रमवसे करामहे ॥
Transliteration
yó dabhrebhír hávyo yáś ca bhū́ribhir yó abhī́ke varivo-vín nṛsā́hye | táṃ vi-khā́de sásnim adyá śrutáṃ náram arvā́ñcam índram aváse karāmahe ||
Translation
わずかなる供物によっても、多くによっても招かるべき御方、近くにあって、人を征する戦いにおける道の広がりを知る御方――その迅く駆り立てる、今日名高き勇士を、われらは助けのために、インドラをわれらのもとへ近づけて呼び招く。
Word by Word
यःwho
यः:
कर्तृ (सम्बन्धः—यः… सः)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
दभ्रेभिःwith the few (with scant means)
दभ्रेभिः:
करण (सह/उपकरणभावः)
TypeAdjective
Rootदभ्र (प्रातिपदिक)
हव्यःto be invoked / worthy of oblation
हव्यः:
कर्तृ-विशेषणम्
TypeAdjective
Rootहव्य (प्रातिपदिक; √हु ‘to offer’ से)
यःwho
यः:
कर्तृ (सम्बन्धः—यः… सः)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
चand
च:
समुच्चय
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
भूरिभिःwith the many (with abundant means)
भूरिभिः:
करण (सह/उपकरणभावः)
TypeAdjective
Rootभूरि (प्रातिपदिक)
यःwho
यः:
कर्तृ (सम्बन्धः—यः… सः)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अभीकेin nearness, at close quarters
अभीके:
अधिकरण (स्थान/सन्निधि)
TypeNoun
Rootअभीक (प्रातिपदिक)
वरिवोवित्finder of room/relief; bestower of favor
वरिवोवित्:
कर्तृ-विशेषणम्
TypeAdjective
Rootवरिवो-वित् (समास; वरिवस् ‘wide space/favor’ + वित् ‘finder/knower’ < √विद्)
नृषाह्येin the helping of men
नृषाह्ये:
अधिकरण (विषय/क्षेत्र)
TypeNoun
Rootनृ-साह्य (समास; नृ ‘men’ + साह्य ‘help/aid’ < √सह)
तम्him
तम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
विखादेin the cleaving/opening (of the way)
विखादे:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootवि-खाद (प्रातिपदिक; ‘cleaving/opening’ < √खाद/√खद् with वि-)
सस्निम्the victorious one / the winner (lit. ‘the conquering’)
सस्निम्:
कर्म (तम्… सस्निम्—विशेषणभावः)
TypeNoun
Rootसस्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
अद्यtoday
अद्य:
काल-अधिकरण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य
श्रुतम्renowned, famed (heard-of)
श्रुतम्:
कर्म-विशेषणम्
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रुत (कृदन्त; √श्रु ‘to hear’)
नरम्the man/hero
नरम्:
कर्म (तम्… नरम्—इन्द्रस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeNoun
Rootनर (प्रातिपदिक)
अर्वाञ्चम्coming hither, facing toward us
अर्वाञ्चम्:
कर्म-विशेषणम्
TypeAdjective
Rootअर्वाञ्च् (प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रम्Indra
इन्द्रम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
अवसेfor help, for aid
अवसे:
सम्प्रदान (हित/प्रयोजन)
TypeNoun
Rootअवस् (प्रातिपदिक)
करामहेwe make / we invoke (for ourselves)
करामहे:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√कृ (धातु)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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