Rig Veda 10.2.5: Mandala 10, Sukta 2, Mantra 5
Sukta 10.2
Devata: Agni
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यत्पाकत्रा मनसा दीनदक्षा न यज्ञस्य मन्वते मर्त्यासः । अग्निष्टद्धोता क्रतुविद्विजानन्यजिष्ठो देवाँ ऋतुशो यजाति ॥
Transliteration
yát pā́ka-trā mánasā dī́na-dakṣā́ ná yajñásya manvaté mártyāsaḥ | agníṣ tád hótā kratu-víd vi-jā́nan yájiṣṭho devā́ṁ ṛtu-śó yájāti ||
Translation
人々が心幼く力も乏しく、祭祀（yajña）を真に思い描けぬとき、アグニはホートリ（Hotṛ）として――意向（kratu）を知る者として――それを明らかに悟り、供献に最もすぐれ、正しき季節（ṛtu）の順に従って神々へ祭りを捧げる。
Word by Word
यत्that which / when
यत्:
सम्बन्ध/वाक्य-सम्बन्धक (relative)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) / यद्-शब्द
पाकत्राin a childish/immature way; ignorantly
पाकत्रा:
Adhikaraṇa (प्रकार/वृत्ति-निर्देशः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपाकत्रा (अव्यय; ‘पाक’ + -त्रा)
मनसाwith (their) mind
मनसा:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootमनस् (प्रातिपदिक)
दीनदक्षाःhaving feeble/poor skill; weak in ability
दीनदक्षाः:
Kartā (विशेषणम् ‘मर्त्यासः’)
TypeAdjective
Rootदीन-दक्ष (बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय-समास; प्रातिपदिक)
नnot
न:
(निषेधक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निषेध-अव्यय)
यज्ञस्यof the sacrifice
यज्ञस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
मन्वतेthey understand/consider
मन्वते:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootमन् (धातु; ‘to think, deem’)
मर्त्यासःmortals
मर्त्यासः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त्य (प्रातिपदिक)
अग्निःAgni
अग्निः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
तत्that (truth/point)
तत्:
Karma (मन्वते इत्यस्य)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
होताthe Hotṛ-priest; invoker
होता:
Kartā (अग्नेः विशेषणम्)
TypeNoun
Rootहोतृ (प्रातिपदिक)
क्रतुवित्knower of ritual skill/intent
क्रतुवित्:
Kartā (अग्नेः विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रतु-वित् (समास; ‘क्रतु’ + ‘विद्/वित्’ = knowing)
विजानन्knowing clearly; discerning
विजानन्:
Kartā (सहायक-क्रिया; ‘knowing’)
TypeParticiple
Rootवि + ज्ञा (धातु) → विजानत् (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
यजिष्ठःmost worshipful; best sacrificer
यजिष्ठः:
Kartā (अग्नेः विशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootयज् (धातु) → यजिष्ठ (श्रेष्ठतमा-विशेषण; superlative)
देवान्the gods
देवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
ऋतुशःin due season; according to the proper order
ऋतुशः:
Adhikaraṇa (क्रम/विधि-निर्देशः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootऋतुशस् (अव्यय; ‘ऋतु’ + -शस्)
यजतिhe worships/sacrifices
यजति:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootयज् (धातु; ‘to worship, sacrifice’)
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