Rig Veda 10.174.4: Mandala 10, Sukta 174, Mantra 4
Sukta 10.174
Rishi: Same hymn context as 10.174 (edition-specific attribution).
Devata: Indra and the collective Devāḥ as luminous powers enabling dyumna and rival-less status.
Chandas: Likely Triṣṭubh (verify by metrical count).
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
येनेन्द्रो हविषा कृत्व्यभवद्द्युम्न्युत्तमः । इदं तदक्रि देवा असपत्नः किलाभुवम् ॥
Transliteration
yénéndro havíṣā kṛtvī́ abhavad dyumny ùttamáḥ | idáṃ tád akri devā asapátnaḥ kílābhuvam ||
Translation
その供物によってインドラは、光輝の力において最上となった。神々よ、これこそ汝らが成したこと。まことにわれは、競う者なき者となり、光の分かたれぬ勝利に確立された。
Word by Word
येनby which / with which
येन:
करण
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → य-
इन्द्रःIndra
इन्द्रः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
हविषाwith the oblation
हविषा:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootहविस् (प्रातिपदिक)
कृत्वि(as) effective/skillful (in rite); possessing ritual efficacy
कृत्वि:
कर्तृ (इन्द्रस्य विशेषण-भावेन) / विधेय-नाम
TypeNoun
Rootकृत्वि (प्रातिपदिक; RV-विशेषः, ‘कृत्वी’ इति रूपं प्रायः)
अभवत्became
अभवत्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
द्युम्न्युत्तमःmost glorious / highest in splendour
द्युम्न्युत्तमः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण (इन्द्रस्य)
TypeAdjective
Rootद्युम्निन् (प्रातिपदिक) + उत्तम (प्रातिपदिक)
इदम्this
इदम्:
कर्तृ/विषय (उक्त-वाक्यस्य)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
तत्that
तत्:
सम्बन्ध/अन्वय (correlative: ‘this— that’)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अक्रिmade / did
अक्रि:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
देवाःthe gods
देवाः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
असपत्नःrival-less / without enemies
असपत्नः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण (अहं/वक्तृ-स्वरूपस्य)
TypeAdjective
Rootसपत्न (प्रातिपदिक) + अ- (निषेध)
किलindeed / surely
किल:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिल (निपात)
अभुवम्I became
अभुवम्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
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