Rig Veda 1.91.8: Mandala 1, Sukta 91, Mantra 8
Sukta 1.91
Rishi: Gautama Rāhūgaṇa
Devata: Soma
Chandas: Gāyatrī
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
त्वं नः सोम विश्वतो रक्षा राजन्नघायतः । न रिष्येत्त्वावतः सखा ॥
Transliteration
tvaṃ naḥ soma viśvátó rákṣa rājan aghāyatáḥ | ná riṣyēt tvā́vataḥ sákhā ||
Translation
ソーマよ、王よ、四方より我らを、害を企むものどもから守りたまえ。汝に支えられた友は、損なわれることがない。
Word by Word
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
नःof us / our
नः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सोमO Soma
सोम:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootसोम (प्रातिपदिक)
विश्वतःfrom all sides / on every side
विश्वतः:
अधिकरण (दिशा/परिसर)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविश्व (प्रातिपदिक) + तस् (तद्धित-अव्यय)
रक्षprotect
रक्ष:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootरक्ष् (धातु)
राजन्O king
राजन्:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
अघायतःfrom the evil-doer / from one who intends harm
अघायतः:
अपादान
TypeParticiple (adjectival)
Rootअघ (प्रातिपदिक) + √या (धातु) → अघाय (नामधातु/denominative) + शतृ (प्रत्यय)
नnot
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (निपात)
रिष्येत्would be harmed / may be injured
रिष्येत्:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootऋष्/रिष् (धातु: हिंसायाम्/क्षतौ)
त्वावतःof one who has you / your (protegee’s)
त्वावतः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypeAdjective
Rootत्वावत् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘त्वा’ + वत् = ‘having you/possessing you’)
सखाfriend
सखा:
कर्तृ (रिष्येत्-क्रियायाः कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootसखि/सखा (प्रातिपदिक)
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