Rig Veda 1.79.11: Mandala 1, Sukta 79, Mantra 11

Sukta 1.79

Rishi: Gotama Rāhūgaṇa (Gautama)

Devata: Agni

Chandas: Gāyatrī

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

यो नो अग्नेऽभिदासत्यन्ति दूरे पदीष्ट सः । अस्माकमिद्वृधे भव ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.79.11

Transliteration

yó no agne’bhidā́saty ánti dūré padī́ṣṭ sáḥ | asmā́kam íd vṛdhé bhava ||

Translation

われらを害する者がいるなら、アグニよ——近くであれ遠くであれ、足場を得た者であれ——汝はただわれらの増益のためにこそ、味方となりたまえ。

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Word by Word

• यः: who (he who)
• यः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• नः: of us; our
• नः: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: (Address)
• Type: Noun (vocative address)
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• अभिदासति: assails; seeks to harm
• अभिदासति: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: अभि + दस् (दसँ/दसति ‘to harm, assail’)

• अन्ति: near; in the presence (of)
• अन्ति: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अन्ति (निपात/अव्यय) < PIE *h₂enti ‘in front, near’

• दूरे: far away; at a distance
• दूरे: Adhikaraṇa
• Type: Adjective used adverbially
• Root: दूर (प्रातिपदिक)

• पदीष्ट: one who seeks a footing/track; one who pursues (a way)
• पदीष्ट: Kartā (as qualifier of the subject)
• Type: Kṛdanta/Adjectival (Vedic epithet)
• Root: पद् (पदँ ‘to go/step’) + ईष्ट (इष्/इच्छ् ‘to seek, desire’) — Vedic compound/formation

• सः: he
• सः: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अस्माकम्: of us; our
• अस्माकम्: Sampradāna
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• इद्: indeed; just
• इद्: (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इद् (निपात)

• वृधे: for (our) increase; for prosperity
• वृधे: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun (purpose/benefit)
• Root: वृध् (वृधँ ‘to grow, increase’) → वृधि/वृद्धि (abstract) / or dat.-loc. of वृध्- stem in Vedic

• भव: be; become
• भव: Kriyā
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (भू ‘to be, become’)