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Rig Veda 1.74.2: Mandala 1, Sukta 74, Mantra 2

Sukta 1.74

Rishi: Gopavana Ātreya
Devata: Agni
Chandas: Gāyatrī (probable, consistent with RV 1.74 style)

यः स्नीहितीषु पूर्व्यः संजग्मानासु कृष्टिषु । अरक्षद्दाशुषे गयम् ॥

Recitation with translationRig Veda 1.74.2

yáḥ snī́hitīṣu pū́rvyaḥ sáṃ-jagmānā́su kṛ́ṣṭiṣu | árakṣad dāśúṣe gáyam ||

彼は古より、諸民の緊密な集い、諸族の会合のただ中で、施与する者の生命力(gáya)を守護した。願わくはそのアグニが、供献によってわれらの得たものを守り給え。

यःwho
यः:
कर्तृ (सम्बन्ध-कर्ता; यः = ‘who’ introducing the agent)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
स्नीहितीषुamong the ‘snihitī’ (friendly/attached ones; in the allied groups)
स्नीहितीषु:
अधिकरण (where/among)
TypeNoun (locative plural) / Adjectival noun
Rootस्नीहिती- (स्त्रीलिङ्ग प्रातिपदिक; ‘स्नेह/स्निह्’ से ‘स्नेहयुक्त/स्नेहिनी’ अर्थ-परम्परा)
पूर्व्यःancient, primeval
पूर्व्यः:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व्य- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘पूर्व’ से)
सम्together, completely
सम्:
—
TypePreverb/Indeclinable
Rootसम् (उपसर्ग)
जग्मानासुin the assembled/come-together (ones)
जग्मानासु:
अधिकरण-विशेषण
TypeParticiple (Perfect active) used adjectivally
Rootगम् (धातु) → जग्मान- (कृदन्त; परिपूर्ण/गत)
कृष्टिषुamong the peoples/communities
कृष्टिषु:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootकृष्टि- (स्त्रीलिङ्ग प्रातिपदिक)
अरक्षत्protected
अरक्षत्:
क्रिया (यः… = कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootरक्ष् (धातु) + अ (अङ्-आगमः/लुङ्)
दाशुषेfor the worshipper (the giver)
दाशुषे:
सम्प्रदान (to/for the giver, the worshipper)
TypeNoun/Participle used substantively
Rootदाश्वस्-/दाशुष्- (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √दा ‘to give’ → ‘giver, worshipper’)
गयम्wealth/household goods (gaya)
गयम्:
कर्म (what is protected)
TypeNoun
Rootगय- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘house/wealth, life, property’ RV-प्रयोग)

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