Rig Veda 1.72.5: Mandala 1, Sukta 72, Mantra 5
Sukta 1.72
Rishi: Madhucchandā Vaiśvāmitra (traditional assignment for RV 1.72 within the Vaiśvāmitra collection)
Devata: Agni (as inner knower and divine mediator); also the Angirasa/ṛṣi-company as agents of the quest
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable for RV 1.72; this verse is in the Triṣṭubh cadence typical of the hymn)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
संजानाना उप सीदन्नभिज्ञु पत्नीवन्तो नमस्यं नमस्यन् । रिरिक्वांसस्तन्वः कृण्वत स्वाः सखा सख्युर्निमिषि रक्षमाणाः ॥
Transliteration
saṃ-jānānā́ upa sīdan abhí-jñu patnī́-vanto namasyáṃ namasyan | ririkvā́ṃsas tanváḥ kṛṇvata svā́ḥ sakhā́ sakhyúr nimiṣí rakṣámāṇāḥ ||
Translation
同じ理解に結ばれて、彼らは親しき知者のもとに近く坐した。伴侶（パトニー）としての諸力を具え、礼拝すべきものに礼拝して重ねて礼拝した。清められ瑕なき者となって、彼らは自らの身体を自らの真の姿へと整えた――友が友を、内なる覚醒の一瞬に守りつつ。
Word by Word
संजानानाःagreeing together; being of one mind
संजानानाः:
Kartā (with implied finite verb ‘सीदन्/सीदन्ति’)
TypeParticiple (Adjectival)
Rootसम् + √ज्ञा (जानाति)
उपnear; up to
उप:
— (verbal preverb with √सद्)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउप (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
सीदन्sitting down; approaching
सीदन्:
Kartā (co-referential with ‘संजानानाः’)
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√सद् (सीदति) + उप
अभिज्ञुthe knowing one; the recognizer (i.e., the worthy/recognized one)
अभिज्ञु:
Karma (goal/object of ‘उप-सीदन्’)
TypeAdjective
Rootअभि + √ज्ञा / प्रातिपदिक ‘अभिज्ञु’
पत्नीवन्तःhaving wives; with consorts
पत्नीवन्तः:
Kartā (same agents as above)
TypeAdjective
Rootपत्नीवत् (पत्नी + वत्)
नमस्यम्the one to be worshipped; venerable
नमस्यम्:
Karma (object of ‘नमस्यन्’)
TypeAdjective (gerundive-like) / Noun-adj
Rootनमस्य (from √नम् ‘to bow’) / ‘नमस्य’ prātipadika
नमस्यन्worshipping; bowing to
नमस्यन्:
Kartā (same agents)
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√नम् (नमति) → नमस्यति (denom.)
रिरिक्वांसःhaving left/abandoned (evil); purified/emptied (of fault)
रिरिक्वांसः:
Kartā (same agents; descriptive epithet)
TypeParticiple (Adjectival)
Root√रिच्/√रिक् (to empty/leave) → रिरिक्वांस् (perf. act. ptcp.)
तन्वःbodies; persons
तन्वः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतनू (स्त्री.)
कृण्वतmaking; fashioning
कृण्वत:
Kartā (same agents)
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√कृ (करोति)
स्वाःtheir own
स्वाः:
Karma (qualifier of ‘तन्वः’)
TypeAdjective/Pronoun
Rootस्व (pronominal adj.)
सखाa friend
सखा:
Kartā (of the following participle ‘रक्षमाणाः’ in sense: ‘as a friend…’)
TypeNoun
Rootसखि (प्रातिपदिक)
सख्युःof (his) friend
सख्युः:
Sambandha (genitive relation with ‘सखा’)
TypeNoun
Rootसखि (प्रातिपदिक)
निमिषिin a moment; at the wink (of an eye)
निमिषि:
Adhikaraṇa (locative: time/occasion)
TypeNoun
Rootनिमिष (प्रातिपदिक; ‘wink/instant’)
रक्षमाणाःprotecting; guarding
रक्षमाणाः:
Kartā (same agents; ‘protecting…’)
TypeParticiple (Adjectival)
Root√रक्ष् (रक्षति)
Ask anything about this verse
Answers come straight from the texts, with the shlokas they draw on. Ask in your own words.
Not sure where to start?
A free sign-in with Google or Apple keeps your chat saved across web and the app.
Read Rig Veda in the Vedapath app
Scan the QR code to open this directly in the app, with word-by-word meanings, Sanskrit recitation where available, and more.
