Rig Veda 1.52.1: Mandala 1, Sukta 52, Mantra 1
Sukta 1.52
Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditional for RV 1.52 in many Anukramaṇī lists)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
त्यं सु मेषं महया स्वर्विदं शतं यस्य सुभ्वः साकमीरते । अत्यं न वाजं हवनस्यदं रथमेन्द्रं ववृत्यामवसे सुवृक्तिभिः ॥
Transliteration
tyáṃ su meṣáṃ mahayā svarvídaṃ śatáṃ yásya subhvàḥ sākám ī́rate | átyaṃ ná vā́jaṃ havanasyádaṃ rátham índraṃ vavṛtyā́m aváse suvṛ́ktibhiḥ ||
Translation
われは彼を讃える――力を駆り立てる牡羊のごとき者、光明界（svar）を見いだす者を。彼のもとに、速く輝く諸力がともに起こり、百重に躍動する。豊穣の駿馬のように、呼びかけに応じて来る戦車のように、よく整えた讃歌の言葉によって、助けのためインドラをわれらへと向けさせよう。
Word by Word
त्यम्that (him)
त्यम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सुwell, indeed
सु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसु (निपात/उपसर्ग)
मेfor me / to me
मे:
Sampradāna
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
इषम्refreshment, strength
इषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootइष्/इषा (प्रातिपदिक: इष् ‘बल/प्रेरणा/आहार’), RV-प्रयोगे ‘इषम्’
महयाmagnify, make great
महया:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootमह् (धातु) → महयति (कारयति) / महय (प्रातिपदिक-आधारित)
स्वर्विदम्finder/knower of heaven (light)
स्वर्विदम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वर् + विद् (कृदन्त-समास: ‘स्वरं वेत्ति/विन्दति’)
शतम्a hundred; manifold
शतम्:
—
TypeAdjective
Rootशत (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
यस्यwhose
यस्य:
Sambandha (Genitive)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सुभ्वःthe good beings / the good powers
सुभ्वः:
Kartā
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootसु + भ्व/भू (प्रातिपदिक: सुभ्वन्/सुभ्वा ‘सु-भव/सु-प्रभव’)
साकम्together
साकम्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसाकम् (अव्यय)
ईरतेthey rise/move, are set in motion
ईरते:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootईर् (धातु: ‘चल/उत्था/प्रेर’)
अत्यम्a steed
अत्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअत्य (प्रातिपदिक: ‘अश्व’/‘वेगवान्’)
नlike
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (उपमा-निपात)
वाजम्prize, strength, victory
वाजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाज (प्रातिपदिक)
हवनस्यदम्rushing to the invocation; eager for the call
हवनस्यदम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootहवन + स्यद (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक: ‘हवने स्यन्दते/स्यदति’ ‘हवन-प्रवृत्त’)
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रम्Indra
इन्द्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
ववृत्यामmay I turn to / choose
ववृत्याम:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootवृत् (धातु: ‘वर्त/वृ’ ‘turn/choose’) → ववृत्य (परिपूर्ण/इच्छार्थ)
अवसेfor help, for protection
अवसे:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun
Rootअवस् (प्रातिपदिक: ‘सहायता/रक्षा’)
सुवृक्तिभिःwith well-made hymns
सुवृक्तिभिः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootसु + वृक्ति (प्रातिपदिक: ‘स्तुति/वाक्’), तृतीया बहुवचनम्
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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