Rig Veda 1.5.4: Mandala 1, Sukta 5, Mantra 4
Sukta 1.5
Rishi: Madhucchandas Vaiśvāmitra (traditional attribution for RV 1.1–1.11; RV 1.5 commonly ascribed to him)
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Gāyatrī (3 pādas of 8 syllables; here a typical gāyatrī-form invocation/command)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
यस्य संस्थे न वृण्वते हरी समत्सु शत्रवः । तस्मा इन्द्राय गायत ॥
Transliteration
yásya saṃsthé na vṛṇvate hárī samátsu śátravāḥ | táσμαi índrāya gāyata ||
Translation
そのインドラ（Indra）に向かって歌え。彼の堅固な座においては、敵対する力どもは、たとえ諸「サマツ」（sámatsu、衝突・戦い）のただ中でも、二頭のハリー（harī、双駿）を奪いも止めもできない――魂の意志を前へ運ぶ、光輝の二つの力を。
Word by Word
यस्यwhose
यस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
संस्थेin the encounter/stand (battle-position)
संस्थे:
अधिकारण
TypeNoun
Rootसंस्था (प्रातिपदिक; सं-√स्था)
नnot
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
वृण्वतेthey choose
वृण्वते:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√वृ (वृणोति ‘choose, prefer’)
हरीthe two bay horses
हरी:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootहरि (प्रातिपदिक)
समत्सुin battles
समत्सु:
अधिकारण
TypeNoun
Rootसमत् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘battle’)
शत्रवःenemies
शत्रवः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु (प्रातिपदिक)
तस्मैto him
तस्मै:
सम्प्रदान
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रायto Indra
इन्द्राय:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
गायतsing (you all)!
गायत:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√गै (गायति ‘sing’)
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