Rig Veda 1.48.3: Mandala 1, Sukta 48, Mantra 3
Sukta 1.48
Rishi: Kaṇva
Devata: Uṣas
Chandas: Gāyatrī (probable)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
उवासोषा उच्छाच्च नु देवी जीरा रथानाम् । ये अस्या आचरणेषु दध्रिरे समुद्रे न श्रवस्यवः ॥
Transliteration
uvā́śoṣā́ ucchā́c ca nu devī jīrā́ ráthānām | yé asyā ācáraṇeṣu dadhiré samudré na śravasyávaḥ ||
Translation
ウシャスはわれらのもとに住み、いま女神は昇り出でた、車駕において迅し。彼女の歩みを堅く保つ者たちは――海にて求める者のごとく――霊の輝ける名声を愛する者となる。
Word by Word
उवासhas dwelt / has appeared (as if ‘has taken her place’)
उवास:
क्रिया (मुख्य) / कर्तृ-सम्बन्ध
TypeVerb
Root√वस् (वसँ निवासे) / उषस्- (प्रातिपदिक)
उषाःDawn (Uṣas)
उषाः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootउषस्-
उच्छात्has risen / has shone forth
उच्छात्:
क्रिया (सहायक) / कर्तृ-सम्बन्ध
TypeVerb (finite/elliptic) / Kṛdanta-like form
Rootउद्-√शा/छा? (वेदिक रूप) → √छा/छद्?; प्रचलित व्याख्या: ‘उद्-√स्था/√छा’ = ‘उदितवती/उत्थिता’
चand
च:
सम्बन्ध (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
नुnow / indeed
नु:
सम्बन्ध (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु
देवीthe goddess
देवी:
कर्तृ (उषाः का विशेषण/अप्पोज़िशन)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootदेवी- (देव- + ई) / दिव्- (प्रातिपदिक)
जीराswift
जीरा:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootजीर- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘शीघ्र/वेगवती’)
रथानाम्of chariots
रथानाम्:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी) — ‘रथानाम् (वेगवती)’
TypeNoun
Rootरथ-
येwho (those who)
ये:
कर्तृ
TypePronoun
Rootयद्- (सर्वनाम)
अस्याःof her
अस्याः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी) — ‘of her (Uṣas)’
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम) → अस्या-
आचरणेषुin (her) courses / paths / movements
आचरणेषु:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootआ-√चर् (चरँ गत्यर्थे) → आचरण-
दध्रिरेhave held fast / have taken their stand
दध्रिरे:
क्रिया (मुख्य)
TypeVerb
Root√धृ (धृञ् धारणे)
समुद्रेin the ocean
समुद्रे:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootसमुद्र-
नlike / as
न:
सम्बन्ध (उपमा)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
श्रवस्यवःfame-seekers / seekers of renown
श्रवस्यवः:
कर्तृ (ये … श्रवस्यवः)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootश्रवस्यु- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘यशः-कामी/कीर्त्यर्थी’)
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