Rig Veda 1.33.13: Mandala 1, Sukta 33, Mantra 13
Sukta 1.33
Rishi: Gautama Rāhūgaṇa
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अभि सिध्मो अजिगादस्य शत्रून्वि तिग्मेन वृषभेणा पुरोऽभेत् । सं वज्रेणासृजद्वृत्रमिन्द्रः प्र स्वां मतिमतिरच्छाशदानः ॥
Transliteration
abhí sidhmó ajigād asya śatrū́n ví tigména vṛṣabhéṇā púro ’bhet | sáṃ vájreṇāsṛjad vṛtrám índraḥ prá svā́ṃ matím atirat śā́śadānaḥ ||
Translation
その駆り立てる力は敵どもへと突進し、鋭き雄牛の威力によって彼らの前面を裂き開いた。インドラは金剛（ヴァジュラ）でヴリトラ（Vṛtra）を投げ倒し、前へ前へと押し進み、自らの思いをも越えて――常に勝利する者として――さらに大いなる勝利の見通しへと至った。
Word by Word
अभिtowards, against
अभि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअभि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
सिध्मःthe (mighty) one; the successful/straightforward one (epithet)
सिध्मः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootसिध्म (प्रातिपदिक)
अजिगात्he went/advanced
अजिगात्:
—
TypeVerb
Root√गा (गमन/गान) + अ (अग्मेंट) + जि (पुनरुक्ति/तीव्रता)
अस्यof him/this
अस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
शत्रून्enemies
शत्रून्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशत्रु (प्रातिपदिक)
विapart, asunder, forth
वि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
तिग्मेनwith the sharp (weapon/force)
तिग्मेन:
Karaṇa
TypeAdjective
Rootतिग्म (प्रातिपदिक)
वृषभेणwith the bull (i.e., the bull-like power/Indra as bull)
वृषभेण:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootवृषभ (प्रातिपदिक)
पुरःin front; forward
पुरः:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरस् (प्रातिपदिक/अव्ययीभाव)
अभेत्he split, he broke
अभेत्:
—
TypeVerb
Root√भिद् (भेदन) + अ (अग्मेंट)
सम्together; completely
सम्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम् (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
वज्रेणwith the thunderbolt
वज्रेण:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootवज्र (प्रातिपदिक)
असृजत्he released/let loose; he cast
असृजत्:
—
TypeVerb
Root√सृज् (सर्जन/मोचन) + अ (अग्मेंट)
वृत्रम्Vṛtra (the obstructor)
वृत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रःIndra
इन्द्रः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
प्रforth, forward
प्र:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
स्वाम्his own
स्वाम्:
Karma (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
मतिम्thought, intention, counsel
मतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमति (प्रातिपदिक)
अतिरत्he passed beyond; he surpassed
अतिरत्:
—
TypeVerb
Root√ऋ (गमन/अतिक्रम) with ati- (उपसर्ग) + अ (अग्मेंट)
छाशदानःprevailing, overpowering; winning (as he overcomes)
छाशदानः:
Kartā (विशेषण, इन्द्रस्य)
TypeParticiple
Rootछाशद्/छाशद्- (RV kṛdanta from √शद्/√सद्? ‘to prevail/overcome’, with reduplication/intensive coloring)
Ritual Application
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Natural Symbolism
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes
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