Rig Veda 1.191.4: Mandala 1, Sukta 191, Mantra 4
Sukta 1.191
Rishi: Kutsa Āṅgirasa (traditional attribution for RV 1.191 in many Anukramaṇī traditions; verify against the specific śākhā index used)
Devata: Sūrya/Āditya as the all-seeing power that destroys the unseen (context of adṛṣṭa-han in adjacent verses)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable for this section; confirm by syllable count in the full critical recension)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
नि गावो गोष्ठे असदन्नि मृगासो अविक्षत । नि केतवो जनानां न्यदृष्टा अलिप्सत ॥
Transliteration
ní gā́vo goṣṭhé asadanní mṛgā́so avikṣata | ní ketávo jánānāṃ nyàdṛ́ṣṭā alipsata ||
Translation
願わくは牛らが牛舎に坐し、その正しい座に安住せよ；願わくは獣らが鎮まり、騒ぐことをやめよ。願わくは人々のケートゥ（ketu：識別の光）が静かな明澄へと降り、見えざる敵対の力はその掴みを失い、すべり去れ。
Word by Word
निdown; away; into (as preverb)
नि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनि (उपसर्ग/निपात)
गावःthe cows
गावः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
गोष्ठेin the cowshed/stall
गोष्ठे:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootगो-ष्ठ (गो + √स्था/ष्ठा; प्रातिपदिक: गोष्ठ)
असदन्sat down; settled
असदन्:
—
TypeVerb
Root√सद् (सीदति) + नि (उपसर्ग)
निdown; away
नि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनि (उपसर्ग/निपात)
मृगासःthe wild beasts/animals
मृगासः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootमृग (प्रातिपदिक)
अविक्षतdid not stir; were not disturbed
अविक्षत:
—
TypeVerb
Root√विक्ष्/विक्ष् (विक्षति/विक्षते ‘to be disturbed, to move about, to be agitated’) + अ (निषेध)
निdown; away
नि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनि (उपसर्ग/निपात)
केतवःthe lights/meteors; (also) banners, signs
केतवः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootकेतु (प्रातिपदिक)
जनानाम्of the people
जनानाम्:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootजन (प्रातिपदिक)
निdown; away
नि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनि (उपसर्ग/निपात)
अदृष्टाःunseen; not seen
अदृष्टाः:
Kartā (as predicate/qualifier of subject) / विशेषण
TypeAdjective
Root√दृश् (पश्यति) → दृष्ट (कृदन्त) + अ- (निषेध)
अलिप्सतdid not desire/seek (to harm/obtain)
अलिप्सत:
—
TypeVerb
Root√लिप्स्/√लिप् (लिप्सते ‘to desire, to long for; to seek to obtain’) + अ (निषेध)
Ask anything about this verse
Answers come straight from the texts, with the shlokas they draw on. Ask in your own words.
Not sure where to start?
A free sign-in with Google or Apple keeps your chat saved across web and the app.
Read Rig Veda in the Vedapath app
Scan the QR code to open this directly in the app, with word-by-word meanings, Sanskrit recitation where available, and more.