Rig Veda 1.152.2: Mandala 1, Sukta 152, Mantra 2
Sukta 1.152
Rishi: Māmateya (tradition associates RV 1.152 with the Māmata lineage; exact rishi-attribution may vary by Anukramaṇī recensions)
Devata: Mitra–Varuṇa (dyad of harmony and vast-order; invoked as powers of Truth and cosmic law)
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable for this section; RV 1.152 is predominantly Triṣṭubh)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
एतच्चन त्वो वि चिकेतदेषां सत्यो मन्त्रः कविशस्त ऋघावान् । त्रिरश्रिं हन्ति चतुरश्रिरुग्रो देवनिदो ह प्रथमा अजूर्यन् ॥
Transliteration
etác caná tvó ví ciketad eṣā́ṃ satyó mántraḥ kaviśastá ṛ́ghāvān | trír-aśriṃ hánti catúr-aśrir ugró devánido há prathamā́ ajūryan ||
Translation
まさにこれを――汝が彼らの中に明らかに見分けよ：その真実のマントラ（mantra）は、聖仙に讃えられ、まっすぐに進む力に駆り立てられて、猛き四つ刃の威力となり、三つ刃のものを打ち倒す。そして最初の神を否む者どもは砕かれ、耐え存えない。
Word by Word
एतत्this (thing)
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
नnot
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
त्वःof you / your
त्वः:
—
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
विapart, distinctly
वि:
—
TypePreverb
Rootवि
चिकेतत्let (him) perceive/understand
चिकेतत्:
—
TypeVerb
Root√चित् (चेतति/चिकेत) ‘to perceive, notice, understand’
एषाम्of these (persons/things)
एषाम्:
—
TypePronoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सत्यःtrue
सत्यः:
Kartā (विशेषण-रूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसत्य (प्रातिपदिक)
मन्त्रःhymn / sacred formulation
मन्त्रः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootमन्त्र (प्रातिपदिक)
कविशत्like a seer; seer-wise
कविशत्:
—
TypeIndeclinable (adverbial)
Rootकवि (प्रातिपदिक) + शस्/शत् (क्रियाविशेषणीय-प्रत्यय; ‘in the manner of’)
ऋघावान्vigorous/strong (in chant)
ऋघावान्:
Kartā (विशेषण-रूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootऋघावन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘having ṛghā/ṛk-strength, vigorous in hymn/chant’)
त्रिःthrice
त्रिः:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootत्रिस्
अश्रिम्the three-edged (one) / tri-cornered (foe)
अश्रिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअश्रि (प्रातिपदिक; ‘edge/corner; sharp point’)
हन्तिhe strikes / slays
हन्ति:
—
TypeVerb
Root√हन् ‘to strike, slay’
चतुरश्रिःthe four-edged (one)
चतुरश्रिः:
Kartā
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootचतुर् + अश्रि (प्रातिपदिक समास; ‘four-edged’)
उग्रःfierce
उग्रः:
Kartā (विशेषण-रूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
देवनिदःgod-revilers
देवनिदः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेव + निद् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘reviler/denier of the gods’)
हindeed
ह:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootह
प्रथमाःthe first / foremost
प्रथमाः:
Kartā (विशेषण-रूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रथम (प्रातिपदिक)
अजूर्यन्they did not age / did not weaken
अजूर्यन्:
—
TypeVerb
Root√जुर्/√जॄ ‘to grow old, wear out’ (नकारार्थे अ- उपसर्ग/निषेध)
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