Rig Veda 1.113.1: Mandala 1, Sukta 113, Mantra 1
Sukta 1.113
Rishi: Kutsa Āṅgirasa (traditional ascription for RV 1.113 in many recensions)
Devata: Uṣas (Dawn)
Chandas: Gāyatrī (RV 1.113 is predominantly Gāyatrī)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
इदं श्रेष्ठं ज्योतिषां ज्योतिरागाच्चित्रः प्रकेतो अजनिष्ट विभ्वा । यथा प्रसूता सवितुः सवायँ एवा रात्र्युषसे योनिमारैक् ॥
Transliteration
idáṃ śréṣṭhaṃ jyótiṣāṃ jyótir ā́gāc citráḥ prá-keto ajaniṣṭa ví-bhvā | yáthā prá-sūtā savitúḥ savā́yaṃ evā́ rā́try uṣáse yónim ā́raik ||
Translation
これは光々のうちの最上の光、すでに来たりぬ。奇しき者、明らかに見分ける者は、その広がりの中に生まれ出づ。サヴィトリの駆り立てのために産み出されるがごとく、夜は暁にその胎座を譲り渡した。
Word by Word
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
श्रेष्ठम्best, most excellent
श्रेष्ठम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक; श्रे/श्री-धातु से ‘श्रेष्ठ’)
ज्योतिषाम्of lights
ज्योतिषाम्:
Sambandha (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootज्योतिस् (प्रातिपदिक)
ज्योतिःa light
ज्योतिः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootज्योतिस् (प्रातिपदिक)
आगात्came, has come
आगात्:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√गम् (गच्छति) उपसर्ग: आ-
चित्रःbright, wondrous
चित्रः:
Kartā (as qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootचित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
प्रकेतःthe one of clear sign/manifestation (dawn)
प्रकेतः:
Kartā
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootप्रकेत (प्रातिपदिक)
अजनिष्टwas born, arose
अजनिष्ट:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Root√जन् (जनते/जनति)
विभ्वाall-pervading, mighty
विभ्वा:
Kartā (as qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootविभ्वन्/विभ्व (प्रातिपदिक)
यथाas, just as
यथा:
Sambandha (comparative marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
प्रसूताhaving brought forth, having given birth
प्रसूता:
Kartā
TypeParticiple (Adjective)
Rootप्र-√सू (सूते) → प्रसूत (कृदन्त)
सवितुःof Savitṛ (the impeller)
सवितुः:
Sambandha (genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootसवितृ (प्रातिपदिक)
सवायम्the impelling/quickening (impulse)
सवायम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसव (प्रातिपदिक)
एवjust so, indeed
एव:
Sambandha (emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव (अव्यय)
रात्रिnight
रात्रि:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootरात्रि (प्रातिपदिक)
उषसेto Dawn (Uṣas)
उषसे:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun
Rootउषस् (प्रातिपदिक)
योनिम्womb, resting-place, source
योनिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयोनि (प्रातिपदिक)
आरैक्left, yielded (it)
आरैक्:
Kriyā
TypeVerb
Rootआ-√रिच्/√रेच् (Vedic: ‘to leave, relinquish, yield’; perfect-like injunctive/aorist form)
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