Valmiki Ramayana 2.90.21: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 90, Shloka 21

भरद्वाजाश्रमगमनम्

Bharata at Bharadvāja’s Hermitage

Devanagari script

जाने चैतन्मनस्थं ते दृढीकरणमस्त्विति।अपृच्छं त्वां तथाऽत्यर्थं कीर्तिं समभिवर्धयन्।।2.90.21।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.90.21

Transliteration

jāne caitat manasthaṃ te dṛḍhīkaraṇam astv iti |

apṛcchaṃ tvāṃ tathā 'tyarthaṃ kīrtiṃ samabhivardhayan ||2.90.21||

Translation

「そなたの心に固く定まっていることは承知している。それでも問いかけたのは、いよいよ確かなものとするため、そしてそなたの善き名声を大いに高めるためである。」

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Word by Word

• jāne: I know
• jāne: Kriya (क्रिया/finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √jñā (ज्ञा)
• Form: लट् (Present), आत्मनेपद, उत्तमपुरुष (1st), एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय (conjunction)

• etat: this
• etat: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• manastham: present in (your) mind
• manastham: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: manas (प्रातिपदिक) + stha (कृदन्त; √sthā (स्था)+क)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (सप्तमी-तत्पुरुष: 'मनसि स्थम्'); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; qualifying etat

• te: your
• te: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन; enclitic genitive

• dṛḍhīkaraṇam: confirmation, strengthening
• dṛḍhīkaraṇam: Karta (कर्ता/subject of astu)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dṛḍhī-karaṇa (प्रातिपदिक; denominal from dṛḍha + √kṛ)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (कर्मधारय/उपपद-भाव: 'दृढं करणम्'); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• astu: let it be
• astu: Kriya (क्रिया/finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √as (अस्)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative/benedictive sense), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन

• iti: thus
• iti: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: उद्धरण/वाक्यसमाप्ति (quotative particle)

• apṛccham: I asked
• apṛccham: Kriya (क्रिया/finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √prach (प्रच्छ्)
• Form: लङ् (Imperfect/past), परस्मैपद, उत्तमपुरुष (1st), एकवचन

• tvām: you
• tvām: Karma (कर्म/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• tathā: thus
• tathā: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकारवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: 'thus/so')

• atyartham: greatly
• atyartham: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: atyartham (अव्यय)
• Form: परिमाण/तीव्रता-वाचक-अव्यय (adverb: 'exceedingly')

• kīrtim: fame
• kīrtim: Karma (कर्म/object of samabhivardhayan)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kīrti (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन

• samabhivardhayan: increasing
• samabhivardhayan: Karta (कर्ता/agent-participle)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-abhi-√vṛdh (वृध्) + शतृ (present participle)
• Form: वर्तमान-कृदन्त (present active participle, शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; agreeing with implicit 'aham'

Context

After meeting Vasistha and greeted by Bharata, the radiant Bharadwaja could recognize he was the son of Dasaratha.

Characters & Entities

• Bharadvāja
• Bharata
• kīrti (good fame)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes testing and confirming intention through truthful dialogue—so that virtue is made steady (dṛḍhīkaraṇa) and publicly affirmed as worthy conduct.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharadvāja explains to Bharata why he questioned him: not from doubt alone, but to confirm Bharata’s inner resolve and to establish his reputation for righteousness.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bharata’s integrity (implied) and Bharadvāja’s wise mentorship—guiding speech that strengthens dharmic resolve and honors truth.