Valmiki Ramayana 2.34.16: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 34, Shloka 16

रामदर्शनार्थं दारानयनम्

The Queens Summoned; Rama’s Leave-Taking and Dasaratha’s Collapse

Devanagari script

स राजा पुत्रमायान्तं दृष्ट्वा दूरात्कृताञ्जलिम्।उत्पपातासनात्तूर्णमार्त स्त्रीजनसंवृतः।।।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.34.16

Transliteration

sa rājā putram āyāntaṃ dūrāt dṛṣṭvā kṛtāñjalim |

utpapātāsanāt tūrṇam ārtaḥ strījanasaṃvṛtaḥ ||

Translation

遠くから、合掌して近づく我が子を見た王は、後宮の女たちに囲まれ、悲嘆に打たれつつも、座より急ぎ立ち上がった。

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Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• राजा: the king
• राजा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• पुत्रम्: son
• पुत्रम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• आयान्तम्: coming
• आयान्तम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + या (धातु)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘coming’

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: Purvakala (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive), अव्ययभाव; ‘having seen’

• दूरात्: from a distance
• दूरात्: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: दूर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पञ्चमी-प्रयोगः अव्ययवत् (ablative used adverbially): ‘from afar’

• कृताञ्जलिम्: with folded hands
• कृताञ्जलिम्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कृत + अञ्जलि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (कृतः अञ्जलिः येन) = ‘with folded hands’

• उत्पपात: sprang up; rose
• उत्पपात: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उत् + पत् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• आसनात्: from the seat
• आसनात्: Apadana (अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आसन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी, एकवचन

• तूर्णम्: quickly
• तूर्णम्: Prakara (प्रकार)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तूर्णम् (अव्यय)
• Form: रीतिवाचक-अव्यय

• आर्तः: distressed
• आर्तः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आर्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• स्त्रीजनसंवृतः: surrounded by women
• स्त्रीजनसंवृतः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्त्रीजन + संवृत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (स्त्रीजनैः संवृतः)

Context

At the sight of Rama, the lord of men (king Dasaratha), tortured with grief, immediately ran towards him but before he could reach him, fell unconscious on the floor.

Characters & Entities

• Daśaratha
• Rama
• palace women (strījana)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse foregrounds maryādā (propriety) and mutual respect: Rama approaches with folded hands, and the father-king responds instinctively, revealing the sacredness of familial and royal bonds even amid crisis.

What is the narrative situation?

Rama approaches Daśaratha in the palace; Daśaratha sees him from a distance and rises quickly, overwhelmed.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rama’s humility and reverence toward his father; Daśaratha’s deep parental attachment.