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Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (often transmitted under Atharvan/Angiras rubric; specific r̥ṣi attribution depends on anukramaṇī)
Devata: Viśve Devāḥ; Vasus; Ādityas (collective protective deities)
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (probable; confirm by pada-count in critical edition)
AVŚ 1.30 は、受持者を諸神の総体――ヴィシュヴェ・デーヴァー(Viśve Devāḥ)、ヴァス(Vasus)、アーディティヤ(Ādityas)――の覚醒した護りの下に置き、人為による死が彼に及ばぬようにする、簡潔な延命・護身の呪章である。守護は個人の安全にとどまらず祭儀空間の安泰へと広がり、正しく分配された神々を五方(五つの区域)に「安立」して、吉祥で堅固に守られた結界の内にその人を封じ守る。
Mantra 1
दीर्घायुःप्राप्तिः। विश्वे॑ देवा॒ वस॑वो॒ रक्ष॑ते॒ममु॒तादि॑त्या जागृ॒त यू॒यम॒स्मिन्। मेमं सना॑भिरु॒त वा॒न्यना॑भि॒र्मेमं प्राप॒त् पौरु॑षेयो व॒धो यः
長寿の獲得。すべての神々よ、ヴァス(Vasus)よ、この人を守れ。アーディティヤ(Ādityas)よ、彼の上に目覚めてあれ。人のなす殺害が彼に及ばぬように——同じ胎の者によっても、異なる胎の者によっても。
Mantra 2
ये वो॑ देवाः पि॒तरो॒ ये च॑ पु॒त्राः सचे॑तसो मे शृणुते॒दमु॒क्तम्। सर्वे॑भ्यो वः॒ प॑रि ददाम्ये॒तं स्व॒स्त्येऽनं ज॒रसे॑ वहाथ
汝ら神々よ、祖霊よ、また子らよ、心を一つにする者たちよ、我がこの語りし言葉を聞け。我はこれを汝らすべてに、周く授け与える。安泰の福を携え、老いに至るまで運べ。
Mantra 3
ये दे॑वा दि॒वि ष्ठ ये पृ॑थि॒व्यां ये अ॒न्तरि॑क्ष॒ ओष॑धीषु प॒शुष्व॒प्स्व॑१न्तः । ते कृ॑णुत ज॒रस॒मायु॑र॒स्मै श॒तम॒न्यान् परि॑ वृणक्तु मृ॒त्यून्
天に立つ神々、地にある神々、中空にある神々、薬草(oṣadhī)の内に、家畜の内に、水の内にある神々よ——彼のために老いに至る寿命を成し遂げよ。さらに、ほかの百の死を退けさせよ。
Mantra 4
येषां॑ प्रया॒जा उ॒त वा॑नुया॒जा हु॒तभा॑गा अहु॒ताद॑श्च दे॒वाः । येषां॑ वः॒ पञ्च॑ प्र॒दिशो॒ विभ॑क्ता॒स्तान् वो अ॒स्मै स॑त्र॒सदः॑ कृणोमि
前供(prayāja)と後供(anuyāja)とを有する神々、供物に分け前を受け、また未供のものさえ食する神々よ。汝らの五つの方位(領域)は汝らに分配されている。その会坐の神々(satra-sad)を、私はこの人のためにここに安立する。
It is used to secure long life and safety by invoking the collective gods to prevent human-caused harm—especially violence from relatives or outsiders—and to seal protection in all directions.
No. The hymn functions primarily as a mantra-charm; materials are optional and only relevant if it is embedded in an offering setting (prayāja/anuyāja style oblations).
It ritualizes complete coverage of space: the four directions plus the center. By ‘establishing’ the gods in these regions, the beneficiary is placed inside a guarded enclosure where danger is less able to enter.
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