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Rig Veda 8.49.4: Mandala 8, Sukta 49, Mantra 4

Sukta 8.49

Rishi: Kaṇva (Kāṇva family seers; traditional attribution for RV 8.49)
Devata: Indra (as Soma-drinker and bestower; the force of victorious luminous Mind)
Chandas: Jagatī (probable; 8.49 commonly in Jagatī/Triṣṭubh alternations—needs pada-count verification by full hymn scan)

अनेहसं प्रतरणं विवक्षणं मध्वः स्वादिष्ठमीं पिब । आ यथा मन्दसानः किरासि नः प्र क्षुद्रेव त्मना धृषत् ॥

anéháṁsam prátaraṇaṁ vivákṣaṇaṁ mádhvaḥ svádiṣṭham īm piba | ā yáthā mandasānáḥ kirā́si naḥ prá kṣudrā́ iva tmanā́ dhṛ́ṣat ||

Trink diese honigsüße Essenz – unhastig, uns sicher hinübertragend, die Kraft des Wortes weitend, der Seele am süßesten. Und wenn du, in Wonne leuchtend, sie für uns nach vorn ausgießt, dann kühn aus eigener innerer Kraft, wie ein kleiner Bach sich selbst weiterergießt.

अनेहसम्unhasting, not delaying
अनेहसम्:
कर्म (विशेषणरूपेण ‘प्रतर॑णम्’ इत्यस्य)
TypeAdjective
Rootअनेहस् (प्रातिपदिक; a- + नेहस् ‘आलस्य/विलम्ब’)
प्रतरणम्the (help for) crossing over; deliverance
प्रतरणम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootप्र-√तॄ (तॄ ‘तरति’ → ‘प्रतरण’ नामधातु/कृदन्त-निष्पन्न प्रातिपदिक)
विवक्षणम्eloquent; making (one) speak/express
विवक्षणम्:
कर्म (विशेषणरूपेण ‘प्रतरणम्’ इत्यस्य)
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-√वच्/√वक्ष् (विवक्ष ‘to speak/utter’ → ‘विवक्षण’ नाम/विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)
मध्वःof honey; of sweetness
मध्वः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘of honey/sweetness’)
TypeNoun
Rootमधु (प्रातिपदिक)
स्वादिष्ठम्sweetest, most delicious
स्वादिष्ठम्:
कर्म (विशेषणरूपेण—पेयस्य)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वादु (प्रातिपदिक) + इष्ठ (तमप्-प्रत्यय; superlative)
ईम्indeed; just
ईम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootईम् (निपात/अव्यय)
पिबdrink!
पिब:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√पा (पिबति)
hither; forth
:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
यथाso that; as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)
मन्दसानःrejoicing, gladdened
मन्दसानः:
कर्ता (अन्तर्निहितः; ‘त्वम्/सः’)
TypeParticiple (Adjectival)
Root√मन्द् (मन्द ‘to rejoice/be glad’) → मन्दस (प्रातिपदिक) + -आन (शानच्/कृदन्त)
किरासिyou pour; you scatter
किरासि:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√कॄ/√किर् (किरति ‘to pour/scatter’ → 2nd sg. ‘किरसि’; वैदिक लेखन ‘किरासि’)
नःto us; our
नः:
सम्प्रदान (to us) / सम्बन्ध (our) — प्रसङ्गानुसार
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम)
प्रforth; forward
प्र:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
क्षुद्रsmall; petty
क्षुद्र:
कर्ता (उपमान-कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
इवlike, as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
त्मनाby (your) own self; with your own power
त्मना:
करण (by/with one’s own self/power)
TypeNoun
Rootत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘self, own person/power’)
धृषत्daring, bold
धृषत्:
कर्ता (विशेषणरूपेण—‘त्वम्/सः’)
TypeParticiple (Adjectival)
Root√धृष् (धृष्णोति/धर्षति ‘to be bold, to dare’) → धृषत् (वर्तमान कृदन्त/विशेषण, ‘daring’)

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