Rig Veda 1.21.3: Mandala 1, Sukta 21, Mantra 3
Sukta 1.21
Devata: Indrāgnī (with contextual mention of Mitra as harmonizing principle)
Chandas: Gāyatrī (likely for early RV dual-invocation hymns; not verified from input)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
ता मित्रस्य प्रशस्तय इन्द्राग्नी ता हवामहे । सोमपा सोमपीतये ॥
Transliteration
tā́ mitrásya práśastaya indrāgnī tā́ havāmahe | somapā́ soma-pītáye ||
Translation
तौ मित्रस्य प्रशस्तिषु प्रशस्तौ इन्द्राग्नी आवहामहे। सोमपौ सोमपानाय आगच्छतं, अस्मासु आनन्दवृद्ध्यै ऋतसामञ्जस्यवर्धनाय च।
Word by Word
ताःthose (praises)
ताः:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → सा/तत्
मित्रस्यof Mitra
मित्रस्य:
Sambandha (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootमित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
प्रशस्तयःpraises, laudations
प्रशस्तयः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootप्र-शस् (धातु ‘शस्’ = praise) → प्रशस्ति (स्त्री) / प्रशस्तयः (प्रातिपदिक-रूप)
इन्द्राग्नीO Indra and Agni
इन्द्राग्नी:
Sambodhana (address)
TypeNoun (dual deity compound)
Rootइन्द्र + अग्नि (द्वन्द्व-समास)
ताःthose (praises)
ताः:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → सा/तत्
हवामहेwe invoke/call
हवामहे:
Kriyā (verbal action)
TypeVerb
Root√ह्वा (ह्वयति/ह्वयते) ‘to call, invoke’
सोमपाःO Soma-drinkers
सोमपाः:
Sambodhana (address)
TypeAdjective/Noun (epithet)
Rootसोम + पा (√पा ‘to drink’) → सोमपा (बहुव्रीहि/उपपद-समास)
सोमपीतयेfor the drinking of Soma
सोमपीतये:
Sampradāna / Prayojana (purpose)
TypeNoun (action/occasion)
Rootसोम + पीत (√पा ‘drink’ → पीत ‘drunk’) + -ये (दत्तिव-एकवचन) → सोमपीति (स्त्री) / सोमपीतये
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