Rig Veda 1.21.3: Mandala 1, Sukta 21, Mantra 3

Sukta 1.21

Devata: Indrāgnī (with contextual mention of Mitra as harmonizing principle)

Chandas: Gāyatrī (likely for early RV dual-invocation hymns; not verified from input)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

ता मित्रस्य प्रशस्तय इन्द्राग्नी ता हवामहे । सोमपा सोमपीतये ॥

Transliteration

tā́ mitrásya práśastaya indrāgnī tā́ havāmahe | somapā́ soma-pītáye ||

Translation

Those two—praised in the harmony of Mitra—we call, Indra and Agni; Soma-drinkers, come for the drinking of Soma, for the increase of delight and right concord within us.

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Word by Word

• ताः: those (praises)
• ताः: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → सा/तत्

• मित्रस्य: of Mitra
• मित्रस्य: Sambandha (genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मित्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• प्रशस्तयः: praises, laudations
• प्रशस्तयः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्र-शस् (धातु ‘शस्’ = praise) → प्रशस्ति (स्त्री) / प्रशस्तयः (प्रातिपदिक-रूप)

• इन्द्राग्नी: O Indra and Agni
• इन्द्राग्नी: Sambodhana (address)
• Type: Noun (dual deity compound)
• Root: इन्द्र + अग्नि (द्वन्द्व-समास)

• ताः: those (praises)
• ताः: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → सा/तत्

• हवामहे: we invoke/call
• हवामहे: Kriyā (verbal action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ह्वा (ह्वयति/ह्वयते) ‘to call, invoke’

• सोमपाः: O Soma-drinkers
• सोमपाः: Sambodhana (address)
• Type: Adjective/Noun (epithet)
• Root: सोम + पा (√पा ‘to drink’) → सोमपा (बहुव्रीहि/उपपद-समास)

• सोमपीतये: for the drinking of Soma
• सोमपीतये: Sampradāna / Prayojana (purpose)
• Type: Noun (action/occasion)
• Root: सोम + पीत (√पा ‘drink’ → पीत ‘drunk’) + -ये (दत्तिव-एकवचन) → सोमपीति (स्त्री) / सोमपीतये