Varaha Purana 196.32: Adhyaya 196, Shloka 32

Description of the City of Dharmarāja

Yama

Devanagari script

तथाऽपरे क्रीडनकाः सकान्ताः सुवर्णवेदीकृतसानुशोभाः ॥ विमानभूताः प्रचरन्ति तोये प्रमत्तनारीनरसं्कुलाश्च ॥

Sanskrit recitationVaraha Purana 196.32

Transliteration

tathā 'pare krīḍanakāḥ sakāntāḥ suvarṇa-vedī-kṛta-sānu-śobhāḥ || vimāna-bhūtāḥ pracaranti toye pramatta-nārī-nara-saṃkulāś ca ||

Translation

また別の者たちは、恋人を伴い戯れつつ、黄金の台座のように作られた段台で美しく飾られ、水上を行き交う。まるで空中の楼閣となったかのようで、酔いしれて喜ぶ男女で満ちている。

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Word by Word

• tathā: thus; likewise
• tathā: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tathā (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय)

• apare: others
• apare: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: apara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Plural (बहुवचन)

• krīḍanakāḥ: players / those at sport
• krīḍanakāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: krīḍanaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Plural (बहुवचन)

• sa-kāntāḥ: with (their) beloved women
• sa-kāntāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sa (अव्यय/उपसर्गसदृश) + kāntā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Plural (बहुवचन); सह-तत्पुरुष: kāntābhiḥ saha (with their beloveds/wives)

• suvarṇa-vedī-kṛta-sānu-śobhāḥ: having splendor of terraces made with golden platforms
• suvarṇa-vedī-kṛta-sānu-śobhāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: suvarṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + vedī (प्रातिपदिक) + kṛta (कृदन्त, √kṛ) + sānu (प्रातिपदिक) + śobhā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Plural (बहुवचन); बहुपद-तत्पुरुष: suvarṇa-vedyā kṛtaṃ sānu, tasya śobhā yāsām/yeṣām (having splendor of terraces made into golden altars/platforms)

• vimāna-bhūtāḥ: become like aerial cars / like vimānas
• vimāna-bhūtāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vimāna (प्रातिपदिक) + bhūta (कृदन्त, √bhū)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Plural (बहुवचन); adjective qualifying krīḍanakāḥ: vimāna-rūpeṇa bhūtāḥ

• pracaranti: move about / roam
• pracaranti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra√car (धातु)
• Form: Present (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष) Plural (बहुवचन), Parasmaipada (परस्मैपद)

• toye: in the water
• toye: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: toya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Locative (सप्तमी) Singular (एकवचन)

• pramatta-nārī-nara-saṃkulāḥ: crowded with reveling women and men
• pramatta-nārī-nara-saṃkulāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pramatta (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक, pra√mad) + nārī (प्रातिपदिक) + nara (प्रातिपदिक) + saṃkula (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा) Plural (बहुवचन); बहुपद-तत्पुरुष: pramattaiḥ nārībhiḥ naraiś ca saṃkulāḥ (crowded with intoxicated women and men)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction/particle (समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय)

Speaker

Varāha (default, speaker not explicit in fragment)

Tags

• Classical Literature
• Purāṇic Narrative
• Royal Leisure Culture
• Sanskrit Imagery

FAQs

What is the historical significance of this verse?

It illustrates how Purāṇic texts use architectural and celestial metaphors (vimāna) to heighten descriptions of elite leisure and built environments.

Which geographic location is identified?

No explicit toponym is provided; the verse situates activity 'toye' (upon water), implying lakes, canals, or reservoirs within the described setting.

What is the primary ethical instruction?

The verse is descriptive rather than prescriptive; it indirectly highlights the cultural value placed on artistry, craftsmanship, and pleasurable environments.