Rig Veda 9.74.4: Mandala 9, Sukta 74, Mantra 4
Sukta 9.74
Rishi: Traditionally attributed to Soma-pavamāna seers of Mandala 9 (specific ṛṣi for 9.74 varies by Anukramaṇī recension)
Devata: Soma Pavamāna (Soma as the purifying, self-manifesting nectar of consciousness)
Chandas: Jagatī (probable for 9.74; confirmation depends on pada-count recension)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
आत्मन्वन्नभो दुह्यते घृतं पय ऋतस्य नाभिरमृतं वि जायते । समीचीनाः सुदानवः प्रीणन्ति तं नरो हितमव मेहन्ति पेरवः ॥
Transliteration
ātmanván nabhó duhyate ghṛtáṃ páya ṛtásya nā́bhir amṛ́taṃ ví jāyate | samīcīnā́ḥ sudā́navaḥ prīṇanti táṃ náro hitám áva mehanti péravaḥ ||
Translation
自己を具えた天より、澄み清められた豊穣は搾り出される——その光ある甘乳。ṛtaの臍より、不死の精髄は生まれ、ひろがり出る。正しく相応して進む者、善き施し手らは彼を喜び、男たちは彼を内に据えて、養いの雨として注ぎ降ろす。
Word by Word
आत्मन्वत्possessed of self/strength; self-impelled
आत्मन्वत्:
विशेषण (of kartā/subject सोमः)
TypeAdjective
Rootआत्मन् + वत् (prātipadika + possessive suffix)
नभःsky, firmament
नभः:
अधिकारण (locative sense in Vedic usage: ‘in/through the sky’; formally nom./acc.)
TypeNoun
Rootनभस् (prātipadika)
दुह्यतेis milked; yields
दुह्यते:
क्रिया (passive/middle: ‘is milked / yields’)
TypeVerb
Root√दुह् (to milk)
घृतम्ghee, clarified butter
घृतम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootघृत (prātipadika)
पयःmilk; nourishing sap
पयः:
कर्म (co-ordinate with घृतम्)
TypeNoun
Rootपयस् (prātipadika)
ऋतस्यof ṛta (cosmic order/truth)
ऋतस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive dependent on नाभिः)
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (prātipadika)
नाभिःnavel; hub; central source
नाभिः:
कर्तृ (as subject-noun: ‘the navel/source’)
TypeNoun
Rootनाभि (prātipadika)
अमृतम्immortal (substance); ambrosia
अमृतम्:
कर्म/फल (that which is produced/comes forth)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootअमृत (prātipadika)
विapart, forth, widely
वि:
क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (upasarga/avyaya)
जायतेis born; arises
जायते:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√जन् (to be born, arise)
समीचीनाःharmonious; well-directed; in due order
समीचीनाः:
विशेषण (of सुदानवः)
TypeAdjective
Rootसमीचीन (prātipadika; ‘going/lying together, fitting, harmonious’)
सुदानवःthe bountiful ones; generous givers
सुदानवः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootसु-दानु (prātipadika; ‘good-giving/munificent’)
प्रीणन्तिthey gladden; they satisfy
प्रीणन्ति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√प्री (to please, gladden, satisfy)
तम्him/that (Soma)
तम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (sarvanāman)
नरःmen; heroes
नरः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootनर (prātipadika)
हितम्set/placed; established; beneficial
हितम्:
विशेषण (of कर्म तम्)
TypeAdjective (past participle)
Rootहित (PPP of √धा ‘to place’; prātipadika)
अवdown; forth
अव:
क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअव (upasarga/avyaya)
मेहन्तिthey pour down; they rain
मेहन्ति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√मिह्/√मेह् (Vedic: to pour, rain, shed)
पेरवःthe pressing/active ones (pressers/agents)
पेरवः:
कर्तृ (co-ordinate with नरः, or apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootपेरु/पेरव (prātipadika; Vedic epithet, often ‘swift/active ones’, used of pressing-stones/agents)
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