Rig Veda 7.42.3: Mandala 7, Sukta 42, Mantra 3
Sukta 7.42
Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (Vāsiṣṭha family, Mandala 7)
Devata: Agni as Hotar; also the collective Devas invited
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; requires metrical scan for certainty)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
समु वो यज्ञं महयन्नमोभिः प्र होता मन्द्रो रिरिच उपाके । यजस्व सु पुर्वणीक देवाना यज्ञियामरमतिं ववृत्याः ॥
Transliteration
sámu vo yajñáṃ mahayan námobhiḥ prá hotā́ mandró ririce upāké | yájasva sú purvaṇīka devā́nā yájñiyām arámatim vavṛtyāḥ ||
Translation
われは敬礼の行いをもって、汝らの祭献を調和のうちに高める。歓喜するホータル（Hotar）は、近くに据えられ、顕わとなった。古き面影の神々に善く供犠せよ。不正の思い（amati）を退け、祭にふさわしき思い（mati）を確立せよ。
Word by Word
समुtogether; now, in conjunction
समु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम् (उपसर्ग) + उ (अव्यय/उद्गार) → समु (निपात)
वःto you; of you (pl.)
वः:
Sampradāna (दत्त्यर्थे) / सम्बन्ध
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
यज्ञम्sacrifice; ritual offering
यज्ञम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक) < √यज्
महयन्magnifying; exalting
महयन्:
Kartā (सह-प्र होता) / क्रियाविशेषणभावे
TypeVerb (participle)
Root√मह् (महयति) / √मंह् (वर्धने)
नमोभिःwith acts of homage; with reverences
नमोभिः:
Karaṇa
TypeNoun
Rootनमस् (प्रातिपदिक) < √नम्
प्रforth; forward; pre-eminently
प्र:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
होताthe Hotṛ-priest (invoker)
होता:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootहोतृ (प्रातिपदिक) < √हु
मन्द्रःgladdening; pleasant-voiced
मन्द्रः:
Kartā (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootमन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
रिरिचेhas poured out; has bestowed
रिरिचे:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Root√रिच् (रिक्ते/रिणक्ति; ‘to pour out, to empty, to bestow’)
उपाकेin the vicinity; near at hand
उपाके:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootउपाक (प्रातिपदिक) < उप + आ + √अञ्च्/अक् (निकटार्थे) (स्थानीय/वेदिक)
यजस्वsacrifice! worship!
यजस्व:
Kartā (आह्वानितः)
TypeVerb
Root√यज्
सुwell; duly
सु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसु (अव्यय)
पूर्वणीकO thou of ancient/foremost aspect
पूर्वणीक:
— (सम्बोधन)
TypeAdjective (voc.)
Rootपूर्व-नीक (प्रातिपदिक; ‘having former/precedent face/appearance’; वेदिक विशेषण)
देवान्the gods
देवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेव (प्रातिपदिक)
यज्ञियाम्worthy of sacrifice; fit for worship
यज्ञियाम्:
Karma (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootयज्ञिय (प्रातिपदिक) < √यज्
अमतिम्folly; lack of right thought
अमतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअमति (प्रातिपदिक; ‘unwisdom/folly’ अथवा ‘non-thought’; वेदिक)
ववृत्याःturn away; avert
ववृत्याः:
Kartā (आह्वानितः)
TypeVerb
Root√वृत् (ववर्ते/ववृते; ‘to turn, to avert’)
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