Rig Veda 5.52.5: Mandala 5, Sukta 52, Mantra 5
Sukta 5.52
Rishi: Atri (Ātreya tradition) (traditional ascription for RV 5.52)
Devata: Maruts
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; needs pada-count confirmation)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अर्हन्तो ये सुदानवो नरो असामिशवसः । प्र यज्ञं यज्ञियेभ्यो दिवो अर्चा मरुद्भ्यः ॥
Transliteration
árhanto ye sudā́navo náro asā́mi-śavasaḥ | prá yajñáṃ yajñíyebhyo divó arcā marúdbhyaḥ ||
Translation
慷慨なる英雄らはまことに尊く、混じりなき力を具す。祭祀にふさわしき者らのために祭を前へ進めよ。天の光明なる高みより、マルト（Maruts）に向けて歌い上げよ。
Word by Word
अर्हन्तःthe worthy ones
अर्हन्तः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootअर्हत् (प्रातिपदिक; √अर्ह् ‘to be worthy’)
येwho
ये:
Kartā (correlative to अर्हन्तः)
TypePronoun (relative)
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सुदानवःgood givers, bountiful ones
सुदानवः:
Kartā (apposition)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootसु-दानु (प्रातिपदिक; सु- ‘good’ + दानु ‘giver/benefactor’)
नरःmen, heroes
नरः:
Kartā (apposition)
TypeNoun
Rootनर (प्रातिपदिक)
असामिशवसःof unmixed strength; of pure might
असामिशवसः:
Kartā (apposition)
TypeAdjective (bahuvrīhi/tatpuruṣa-like compound; used substantively)
Rootअ-सामिशवस् (प्रातिपदिक; अ- ‘not’ + सामिश ‘mixed/impure’ + वस्/वसस् ‘might, vigor’)
प्रforth, forward
प्र:
— (preverb to the verb)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (उपसर्ग/निपात)
यज्ञम्the sacrifice
यज्ञम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
यज्ञियेभ्यःto/for the worship-worthy (ones)
यज्ञियेभ्यः:
Sampradāna
TypeAdjective (substantivized: ‘the worship-worthy ones’)
Rootयज्ञिय (प्रातिपदिक; ‘worthy of sacrifice/adoration’)
दिवःfrom heaven
दिवः:
Apādāna (source sense: ‘from heaven’)
TypeNoun
Rootदिव्/द्यौ (प्रातिपदिक ‘sky, heaven’)
अर्चpraise!, sing!
अर्च:
—
TypeVerb
Root√अर्च् (अर्चति) ‘to praise, sing’
मरुद्भ्यःto/for the Maruts
मरुद्भ्यः:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun
Rootमरुत् (प्रातिपदिक)
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