Rig Veda Sukta 51
Mandala 5Sukta 5112 Mantras

Sukta 51

Sukta 5.51

Rishi

Atri (Ātreya)

Devata

Agni (with the Viśve Devāḥ implied as companions)

Chandas

Gāyatrī (likely, given short three-pāda structure typical of invitations; needs counting to confirm)

この讃歌は招請の賛歌であり、祭司の火としてのアグニを讃える。アグニは諸神をソーマ搾りの祭へと招き、供物が正しく運ばれるようにする。詩は、ミトラ=ヴァルナ、ソーマ、ヴィシュヌ、そしてヴィシュヴェ・デーヴァーハ(万神)における同心の一致(sajūḥ)を繰り返し強調し、祭儀が一つの調和した行為となることを願う。結びは祝福の調子となり、太陽と月のように安全で秩序ある道を求め、施し、知り、安寧のうちに再び結び合う共同体を祈り願う。

Recitation with translationRig Veda 5.51

Mantras

Mantra 1

अग्ने सुतस्य पीतये विश्वैरूमेभिरा गहि । देवेभिर्हव्यदातये ॥

アグニ(Agni)よ、搾りしソーマ(Soma)を飲むために来たれ。あらゆる助けの力とともに来たれ。神々とともに、供物(havis)を授け届けるために来たれ――内なる供献がまことに運ばれんがために。

Mantra 3

विप्रेभिर्विप्र सन्त्य प्रातर्यावभिरा गहि । देवेभिः सोमपीतये ॥

予見の火よ、来たれ――朝の旅路の伴侶たる詩聖らとともに。神々とともに、ソーマ(Soma)を飲むために来たれ。われらのうちの暁へ向かう歩みが成就せんがために。

Mantra 4

अयं सोमश्चमू सुतोऽमत्रे परि षिच्यते । प्रिय इन्द्राय वायवे ॥

このソーマは搾られて供盃(チャムー)に置かれ、受容の器へと四方に注がれる――インドラとヴァーユに愛されるものとして。

Mantra 6

इन्द्रश्च वायवेषां सुतानां पीतिमर्हथः । ताञ्जुषेथामरेपसावभि प्रयः ॥

インドラよ、ヴァーユよ、あなたがたはこれら搾られたソーマの飲みを受けるにふさわしい。汚れなき二柱よ、それらを喜び、前に据えられた供献の力(prayaḥ)へと入りたまえ。

Mantra 7

सुता इन्द्राय वायवे सोमासो दध्याशिरः । निम्नं न यन्ति सिन्धवोऽभि प्रयः ॥

インドラとヴァーユのために、搾られたソーマはダディヤーシラ(dadhyāśiraḥ、凝乳の澄明力)と和されて捧げられる。それらは供献の力(prayaḥ)へと向かう――川々が深みへ急ぐように。

Mantra 8

सजूर्विश्वेभिर्देवेभिरश्विभ्यामुषसा सजूः । आ याह्यग्ने अत्रिवत्सुते रण ॥

すべての神々とともに一つに和し、アシュヴィン双神と暁のウシャスとともに一つに和して。アグニよ、ここへ来たれ、アトリの道のごとく。搾られたソーマに歓び、供物の中へ入れ――諸力を集めて一つの調和へ結ぶ神聖なる意志として。

Mantra 9

सजूर्मित्रावरुणाभ्यां सजूः सोमेन विष्णुना । आ याह्यग्ने अत्रिवत्सुते रण ॥

ミトラとヴァルナとともに一つに和し、ソーマとヴィシュヌとともに一つに和して。アグニよ、ここへ来たれ、アトリの道のごとく。搾られたソーマに歓び――調和と広大なる法と恍惚と遍く歩む一歩とが、意志の炎のうちに一つとなるために。

Mantra 10

सजूरादित्यैर्वसुभिः सजूरिन्द्रेण वायुना । आ याह्यग्ने अत्रिवत्सुते रण ॥

アーディティヤたちとヴァスたちとともに一つに和し、インドラとヴァーユとともに一つに和して。アグニよ、来たれ、アトリの道のごとく。搾られたソーマに歓び――支える力と勝利する息・心とが、上昇を導く炎のうちに共に働かんことを。

Mantra 12

स्वस्तये वायुमुप ब्रवामहै सोमं स्वस्ति भुवनस्य यस्पतिः । बृहस्पतिं सर्वगणं स्वस्तये स्वस्तय आदित्यासो भवन्तु नः ॥

安寧のために、われらはヴァーユ(Vāyu)を呼び招く。安寧のために、生成する世界の主ソーマ(Soma)を。安寧のために、ブリハスパティ(Bṛhaspati)を、そのすべての群れとともに呼ぶ——アーディティヤたち(Ādityas)が、われらにとって安寧の力となれ。

Mantra 13

विश्वे देवा नो अद्या स्वस्तये वैश्वानरो वसुरग्निः स्वस्तये । देवा अवन्त्वृभवः स्वस्तये स्वस्ति नो रुद्रः पात्वंहसः ॥

今日、すべての神々がわれらの安寧となれ。安寧のために、ヴァイシュヴァーナラ(Vaiśvānara)、善きアグニ(Agni)がわれらの安寧となれ。安寧のために、リブたち(Ṛbhus)がわれらを護れ。ルドラ(Rudra)よ、害の歪み(aṃhas)からわれらの安寧を守り給え。

Mantra 14

स्वस्ति मित्रावरुणा स्वस्ति पथ्ये रेवति । स्वस्ति न इन्द्रश्चाग्निश्च स्वस्ति नो अदिते कृधि ॥

ミトラとヴァルナよ、安寧あれ。道を導く豊穣、パティヤー=レーヴァティー(Pathyā-Revatī)より安寧あれ。インドラとアグニより、われらに安寧あれ。アディティ(Aditi)よ、われらに安寧を成し給え。

Mantra 15

स्वस्ति पन्थामनु चरेम सूर्याचन्द्रमसाविव । पुनर्ददताघ्नता जानता सं गमेमहि ॥

われら安穏にして道を歩まん、太陽と月とが定まれる軌道を行くがごとく。ふたたび施し、害を加えず、知を増しつつ——願わくはわれら和して会し、調和の到来に至らん。

Inside Sukta 51

How it unfolds

  1. Where it opens

    A direct invitation to Agni to come for the drinking of the pressed Soma, accompanied by all helpful powers and the gods, to ensure right delivery of the offering.

  2. Development

    The hymn expands Agni’s role as the unifier of divine forces, repeatedly emphasizing concord and cooperative presence—gods arriving together, acting together, and making the sacrifice one.

  3. Climax

    The ‘sajūḥ’ (one-accord) formula intensifies: Agni is urged to arrive aligned with Mitra-Varuṇa, Soma, and Viṣṇu, so law, ecstasy, and all-pervading support converge in the ritual fire.

  4. Where it settles

    A benedictory turn: the worshippers seek a safe, orderly path like Sun and Moon, and a renewed communal ethic—giving again, not harming, growing in knowledge, and coming together in harmony.

The deity: Agni

  • In the VedaAgni is the visible divine fire—kindled on the altar, born in many places, the mouth of the gods, and the foremost hotṛ who carries offerings to the celestial powers. He is invoked as the inviter and conveyor (havyavāhana/havyadātṛ), the one who makes the gods present at the rite and makes the sacrifice effective.
  • Cosmic functionMediator between human and divine realms: he transforms offerings through fire, conveys them to the gods, and returns blessings; he also symbolizes the ordered circulation of power between earth, atmosphere, and heaven.
  • Inner significanceThe awakened will and discerning flame of aspiration that gathers scattered faculties into one intention; the inner priest who ‘delivers the oblation’ by making thought, speech, and action coherent and luminous.

The seer

  • Atri (Ātreya)Ātreya (Atri-gotra) · One of the ancient Ṛgvedic seers and a major patriarch of Vedic lineages; celebrated for hymns that emphasize right offering, divine companionship, and protective order (ṛta) mediated through Agni.

Famous verses

havyadātaye
Verse 5.51.1Sets the core function of the hymn: inviting Agni to the Soma with all supportive powers and with the gods, explicitly asking him to be the effective deliverer of the offering (the ritual’s success-key).Read verse 5.51.1 →
sajūḥ
Verse 5.51.9Expresses the hymn’s peak theme of concord (sajūḥ): Agni is called to come in unity with Mitra-Varuṇa, Soma, and Viṣṇu—showing the sacrifice as a coordinated divine-human harmony.Read verse 5.51.9 →
svasti panthām anu carema
Verse 5.51.15A memorable closing benediction: it universalizes the rite into a prayer for well-being, right movement, non-violence, generosity, and collective reunion in knowledge and order.Read verse 5.51.15 →

Attributes of the deity

  • Hotṛ/priestly mediator
  • Bearer and giver of offerings (havya-dātṛ)
  • Inviter who brings the gods to the Soma
  • Purifier and transformer
  • Protector and establisher of harmony (sajūḥ)
  • Linked with ṛta (right order) through successful ritual

Also by this seer

  • Atri-attributed hymns in Rig Veda Mandala 5 (Ātreya collection), especially Agni-invocations and Soma-related praises
  • Later tradition associates Atri with the Atri Saṃhitā/Atri-smṛti streams and with Purāṇic genealogies (as a mind-born son of Brahmā), though these are post-Ṛgvedic developments

The rite, step by step

  • Kindle/brighten the sacred fire and establish Agni as hotṛ
  • Invite Agni to come to the pressed Soma (suta) and to ‘drink’/partake as the divine channel
  • Invoke the companionship of the Viśve Devāḥ and the cooperating powers (e.g., Mitra-Varuṇa, Soma, Viṣṇu) in one accord (sajūḥ)
  • Offer clarified butter and Soma portions with recitation, asking Agni to deliver the oblation rightly
  • Conclude with a benediction for safe passage, social concord, and renewed right action (giving, non-violence, knowing)

Offerings

  • Soma (pressed juice) and its libations
  • Ghṛta (clarified butter) into the fire
  • Havis (general oblations such as cakes/grains, as applicable to the rite)

Frequently Asked Questions

It asks Agni to come to the Soma offering, bring the gods with him, and make sure the oblation is correctly carried and received—so the sacrifice becomes effective.

To emphasize “sajūḥ” (one accord): the rite succeeds when the divine powers act together—order (Mitra-Varuṇa), delight/rapture (Soma), and all-pervading support (Viṣṇu) converge through Agni.

It turns the ritual into a life-prayer: may we move safely on a steady path like Sun and Moon, live by giving and non-harming, grow in understanding, and come together in harmony.

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