Rig Veda 3.9.1: Mandala 3, Sukta 9, Mantra 1
Sukta 3.9
Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditional for RV 3.9)
Devata: Apām Napāt (often associated with Agni’s hidden form in waters)
Chandas: Gāyatrī (probable for opening of RV 3.9; requires metrical verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
सखायस्त्वा ववृमहे देवं मर्तास ऊतये । अपां नपातं सुभगं सुदीदितिं सुप्रतूर्तिमनेहसम् ॥
Transliteration
sákhāyas tvā vavṛmahe deváṃ mártāsa ūtáye | apā́ṃ nápātaṃ subhágaṃ sudī́ditim suprátūrtim anéhasam ||
Translation
友としてわれらは汝を選び取る、神なる者を――人の子らは救いのために。アパーム・ナパート（Apām Napāt）、幸いなる者、よく燃え立つ者、よく勝ち抜く者、疲れを知らぬ者を。
Word by Word
सखायःcompanions, friends
सखायः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootसखि- (प्रातिपदिक)
त्वाyou (as object)
त्वा:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्- (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
ववृमहेwe have chosen
ववृमहे:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√वृ (वृणोति/वृणुते ‘choose, select’)
देवम्the god
देवम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootदेव- (प्रातिपदिक)
मर्तासःmortals
मर्तासः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootमर्त- (प्रातिपदिक)
ऊतयेfor help, for aid
ऊतये:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootऊति- (प्रातिपदिक)
अपाम्of the waters
अपाम्:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootअप्- (प्रातिपदिक)
नपातम्offspring, son (descendant)
नपातम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootनपात्- (प्रातिपदिक)
सुभगम्fortunate, gracious
सुभगम्:
विशेषण (देवम्/नपातम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootसुभग- (प्रातिपदिक)
सुदीदितिम्bright radiance, splendid shining
सुदीदितिम्:
कर्म (स्तुत्य-गुणरूपेण)
TypeNoun
Rootसु- + दीदिति- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘bright shining, radiance’)
सुप्रतूर्तिम्good overcoming power, victorious force
सुप्रतूर्तिम्:
कर्म (स्तुत्य-गुणरूपेण)
TypeNoun
Rootसु- + प्रतूर्ति- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘overcoming, victorious might’)
अनेहसम्unwearied, not sluggish
अनेहसम्:
विशेषण (देवम्/नपातम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootअ- + नेहस्- (प्रातिपदिक; ‘idleness/indolence’ → ‘free from sloth’)
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