Rig Veda 3.8.5: Mandala 3, Sukta 8, Mantra 5
Sukta 3.8
Rishi: Vasiṣṭha (traditional for RV 3.8)
Devata: Vanaspati and the divine powers aiding the rite; inner sense: the growing divine formation in the ritual-psychic field
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; requires full hymn metrical verification)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
जातो जायते सुदिनत्वे अह्नां समर्य आ विदथे वर्धमानः । पुनन्ति धीरा अपसो मनीषा देवया विप्र उदियर्ति वाचम् ॥
Transliteration
jā́to jā́yate sudinatvé ahnā́ṃ samaryá ā́ vidáthe várdhamānaḥ | punánti dhīrā́ apáso manīṣā́ devayā́ vípra úd iyarti vā́cam ||
Translation
生まれし者は、日々の「佳き日」のうちに再び生まれ、共なる歩みの中、会集（vidatha）において増し広がる。堅固なる賢者たちは、霊感の思慮（manīṣā）によって諸々の働き（apasaḥ）を清める。神へ向かう聖賢（vipra）は、言（vāc）を高く掲げる。
Word by Word
जातःborn; having been born
जातः:
Kartā (with implied subject)
TypeAdjective (past passive participle used predicatively)
Root√जन् (jan) / जात (ppp-stem)
जायतेis born; comes into being
जायते:
(intransitive) Kartā = the one who is born/comes to be
TypeVerb
Root√जन् (jan)
सुदिनत्वेin good-day-ness; in auspicious days/fortunate time
सुदिनत्वे:
Adhikaraṇa (locative: sphere/condition)
TypeNoun (abstract)
Rootसुदिनत्व (सु-दिन-त्व) (prātipadika)
अह्नाम्of days
अह्नाम्:
Sambandha (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootअहन् (prātipadika)
समर्यःthe striving one; the combatant/contender
समर्यः:
Kartā
TypeNoun/Adjective (agentive epithet)
Rootसमर्य (prātipadika)
आtowards; unto
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable (preverb)
Rootआ (upasarga)
विदथेat the rite/assembly; in the ceremonial distribution
विदथे:
Adhikaraṇa (locative)
TypeNoun
Rootविदथ (prātipadika)
वर्धमानःgrowing; increasing
वर्धमानः:
Kartā (agreeing with समर्यः)
TypeAdjective/Participle
Root√वृध् (vṛdh) / वर्धमान (present participle Ā)
पुनन्तिthey purify
पुनन्ति:
Kartā = subject (धीराḥ)
TypeVerb
Root√पू (pū) ‘to purify’
धीराḥthe inspired/wise ones
धीराḥ:
Kartā
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootधीर (prātipadika)
अपसःworks; ritual acts
अपसः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअपस् (prātipadika)
मनीषाby insight/thought
मनीषा:
Karaṇa (instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootमनीषा (prātipadika)
देवयाin a godly way; with divine (impulse)
देवया:
Karaṇa (manner/instrument)
TypeAdjective (used adverbially/instrumentally)
Rootदेवया (prātipadika; ‘godward, divine’)
विप्रःthe inspired poet/seer
विप्रः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र (prātipadika)
उदियर्तिraises; sends forth
उदियर्ति:
Kartā = विप्रः; Karma = वाचम्
TypeVerb
Rootउद् + √ईर्/√इर् (īr/ir) ‘to raise, set in motion’
वाचम्speech; utterance
वाचम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाच् (prātipadika)
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