Rig Veda 3.7.2: Mandala 3, Sukta 7, Mantra 2
Sukta 3.7
Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (traditional for RV 3.7)
Devata: Agni (in the seat of Ṛta), with strong cow/horse imagery
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; confirm in critical edition)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
दिवक्षसो धेनवो वृष्णो अश्वा देवीरा तस्थौ मधुमद्वहन्तीः । ऋतस्य त्वा सदसि क्षेमयन्तं पर्येका चरति वर्तनिं गौः ॥
Transliteration
divákṣaso dhenávo vṛ́ṣṇo áśvā devī́r ā́ tasthau mádhumad váhantīḥ | ṛtásya tvā sádasi kṣémayantam páry ékā carati vartaníṃ gáuḥ ||
Translation
天の神なる乳牛、牡牛のごとき駿馬は、甘露を運ぶ女神たちとして備え立つ。Ṛta（リタ）の座において、汝は安穏と護りをもたらす者。汝をめぐりて、ただ一頭の牝牛が道筋を巡行する――真の軌道に従う知の光として。
Word by Word
दिवःof heaven, of the sky
दिवः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootदिव् (प्रातिपदिक: दिव्/द्यौ-)
क्षसःof the expanse/space (of the sky)
क्षसः:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootक्षस् (प्रातिपदिक)
धेनवःcows, milch-cows
धेनवः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootधेनु (प्रातिपदिक)
वृष्णःof the bull (the strong one)
वृष्णः:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootवृषन् (प्रातिपदिक)
अश्वाःhorses
अश्वाः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
देवीःdivine
देवीः:
कर्तृ (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootदेवी (प्रातिपदिक)
आtowards, unto
आ:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआ (उपसर्ग)
तस्थौhas stood / took position
तस्थौ:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (धातु)
मधुमत्sweetly, with honey/sweetness
मधुमत्:
कर्म/क्रियाविशेषण
TypeAdjective
Rootमधु + मतुप् (प्रातिपदिक)
वहन्तीःbearing, carrying
वहन्तीः:
कर्तृ (धेनवः/देवीः इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeParticiple
Rootवह् (धातु) → वर्तमान कृदन्त
ऋतस्यof ṛta (cosmic order/rite)
ऋतस्य:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootऋत (प्रातिपदिक)
त्वाyou
त्वा:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम)
सदसिin the seat/assembly (sacrificial session)
सदसि:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootसदस् (प्रातिपदिक)
क्षेमयन्तम्bringing welfare, making secure
क्षेमयन्तम्:
कर्म (त्वा इत्यस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeParticiple
Rootक्षेमय् (नामधातु/धातु) → वर्तमान कृदन्त
परिaround
परि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
एकाone, single
एका:
कर्तृ (विशेषणरूपेण)
TypeAdjective
Rootएक (प्रातिपदिक)
चरतिmoves, goes
चरति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootचर् (धातु)
वर्तनिम्path, track, course
वर्तनिम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootवर्तनि (प्रातिपदिक)
गौःthe cow (also: ray/light in Vedic usage)
गौः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
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