Rig Veda 3.61.3: Mandala 3, Sukta 61, Mantra 3
Sukta 3.61
Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (traditional)
Devata: Uṣas
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (likely)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
उषः प्रतीची भुवनानि विश्वोर्ध्वा तिष्ठस्यमृतस्य केतुः । समानमर्थं चरणीयमाना चक्रमिव नव्यस्या ववृत्स्व ॥
Transliteration
uṣáḥ pratī́cī búhvanāni viśvóūrdhvā́ tiṣṭhasy amṛ́tasya ketúḥ | samānám árthaṃ caraṇī́yamānā cakrám iva navyasyā́ vavṛtsva ||
Translation
曙よ、われらへと向き、万有の世界の上にまっすぐ立つ、不死なるものの標（しるし）よ。同じ目的へと歩みつつ、汝は輪のように幾度も自らを新たにし、帰還のたびにいよいよ新鮮となる。
Word by Word
उषाःUṣas (Dawn)
उषाः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootउषस्- (प्रातिपदिक) < √उष् (उषँ) ‘उदय/दीप्ति’
प्रतीचीfacing toward (us)/coming toward
प्रतीची:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रतीच्- (प्रातिपदिक) < प्रति + अञ्च् ‘पश्चात्/विपरीत-दिशा’
भुवनानिworlds; beings/abodes
भुवनानि:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootभुवन- (प्रातिपदिक) < √भू ‘भवति’
विश्वाall
विश्वा:
कर्म
TypeAdjective
Rootविश्व- (प्रातिपदिक)
ऊर्ध्वाupright; aloft
ऊर्ध्वा:
कर्तृ
TypeAdjective
Rootऊर्ध्व- (प्रातिपदिक)
तिष्ठसिthou standest
तिष्ठसि:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√स्था (तिष्ठति)
अमृतस्यof immortality; of the immortal (order)
अमृतस्य:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootअमृत- (प्रातिपदिक)
केतुःbanner; sign; radiant mark
केतुः:
कर्तृ/समानााधिकरण (उषाः = केतुः)
TypeNoun
Rootकेतु- (प्रातिपदिक)
समानम्the same
समानम्:
कर्म
TypeAdjective
Rootसमान- (प्रातिपदिक)
अर्थम्aim; purpose; meaning
अर्थम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ- (प्रातिपदिक)
चरणीयमानाmoving/going along the course to be traversed
चरणीयमाना:
कर्तृ
TypeParticiple (verbal adjective)
Rootचर् (√चर्) + अनीय (gerundive) → चरणीय; + मान (शानच्) ‘being/going’
चक्रम्wheel
चक्रम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootचक्र- (प्रातिपदिक)
इवlike
इव:
सम्बन्ध (उपमा)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
नव्यस्याःof the new (fresh)
नव्यस्याः:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeAdjective
Rootनव्य- (प्रातिपदिक)
ववृत्स्वturn/roll on; revolve (thyself)
ववृत्स्व:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√वृत् (वृणोति/वर्तते); here: desiderative/iterative perfect-like form used injunctively
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