Rig Veda 3.60.3: Mandala 3, Sukta 60, Mantra 3
Sukta 3.60
Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina (traditional attribution for Mandala 3); within 3.60 the praise centres on Indra with the Ribhus
Devata: Indra with the Ribhus (Ṛbhavaḥ/ Saúdhanvanāḥ) as associated powers
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (likely; verse length and cadence typical of RV 3rd maṇḍala Indra hymns)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
इन्द्रस्य सख्यमृभवः समानशुर्मनोर्नपातो अपसो दधन्विरे । सौधन्वनासो अमृतत्वमेरिरे विष्ट्वी शमीभिः सुकृतः सुकृत्यया ॥
Transliteration
índrasya sakhyám ṛ́bhavaḥ sám ānaśur mánoḥ napāto apáso dadhanvire | saudhanvanā́so amṛtatvám ériré viṣṭvī́ śámībhiḥ sukṛ́taḥ sukṛtyáyā ||
Translation
リブフ（R̥bhu）ら――マヌ（Manu）の子ら――はインドラ（Indra）との友誼を得、諸々の作業を起こして、その効力ある力をいよいよ強めた。スーダンヴァナ（Saudhanvana）たちは不死（amṛtatva）へと昇り、調和する技によって場を遍く満たし、善き行いにより善業を成就した。
Word by Word
इन्द्रस्यof Indra
इन्द्रस्य:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
सख्यम्friendship, alliance
सख्यम्:
कर्म (object of ‘attained/obtained’)
TypeNoun
Rootसख्य (प्रातिपदिक; सखि-भाव)
ऋभवःthe Rbhus
ऋभवः:
कर्तृ (subject)
TypeNoun
Rootऋभु (प्रातिपदिक)
समानशुःthey attained, reached
समानशुः:
क्रिया (finite verb)
TypeVerb
Rootअश् (धातु ‘अश्नुते’ = to reach/attain) + सम्- (उपसर्ग)
मनोर्of Manu
मनोर्:
सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootमनु (प्रातिपदिक)
नपातःdescendants, offspring
नपातः:
कर्तृ (apposition to ऋभवः)
TypeNoun
Rootनपात् (प्रातिपदिक)
अपसःworks, labours
अपसः:
कर्म (object)
TypeNoun
Rootअपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
दधन्विरेthey set in motion, they hastened (their works)
दधन्विरे:
क्रिया (finite verb)
TypeVerb
Rootधन्/धन्व् (धातु; ‘to run/urge on, hasten’—Vedic) / caus.-like iterative sense
सौधन्वनासःthe sons of Sudhanvan
सौधन्वनासः:
कर्तृ (subject; apposition to ऋभवः)
TypeNoun
Rootसौधन्वन (प्रातिपदिक; ‘of Sudhanvan’/patronymic of the Rbhus)
अमृतत्वम्immortality
अमृतत्वम्:
कर्म (object)
TypeNoun
Rootअमृतत्व (प्रातिपदिक; अमृत + त्व)
एरिरेthey went/attained; they raised (themselves)
एरिरे:
क्रिया (finite verb)
TypeVerb
Rootईर्/इर् (धातु; ‘to set in motion, to raise, to go’—Vedic)
विष्ट्वीhaving entered, after entering
विष्ट्वी:
क्रियाविशेषण (adverbial, prior action)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविष्ट्वि/विष्ट्वी (अव्यय; छान्दस gerund-like ‘having entered/after entering’ from √विश्)
शमीभिःwith/through the śamī-trees (or śamī-woods)
शमीभिः:
करण (instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootशमी (प्रातिपदिक)
सुकृतःthe well-doers, the skilful
सुकृतः:
कर्तृ (predicate/apposition to ऋभवः)
TypeAdjective/Noun
Rootसुकृत् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘well-doing, beneficent’)
सुकृत्ययाby good skill/workmanship
सुकृत्यया:
करण (instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootसुकृत्या (प्रातिपदिक; ‘good workmanship, good deed’)
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