Rig Veda 3.57.3: Mandala 3, Sukta 57, Mantra 3
Sukta 3.57
Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina
Devata: Indra-Agni / the generative divine power (implicit ‘vṛṣan’ lord); imagery of cows/sisters
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; verify metrically)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
या जामयो वृष्ण इच्छन्ति शक्तिं नमस्यन्तीर्जानते गर्भमस्मिन् । अच्छा पुत्रं धेनवो वावशाना महश्चरन्ति बिभ्रतं वपूंषि ॥
Transliteration
yā́ jāmáyo vṛ́ṣṇá icchánti śaktíṃ namasyántīr jānate gárbham asmín | ácchā putráṃ dhēnávō vāvaśānā́ maháś caranti bíbhrataṃ vápūṃṣi ||
Translation
その姉妹たちは、雄々しき者（Vṛṣan）の力（śakti）を求め、礼拝して、この中の胎（garbha）を知る。子へと呼びかけて、牝牛たち（dhenú）は鳴き立てる；彼女らは広大（mahas）のうちを巡り、自らの姿（vapūṃṣi）を担って進む。
Word by Word
याःwho (fem. pl.)
याः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
जामयःwives/consorts (women of the household)
जामयः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootजामि- (प्रातिपदिक)
वृष्णःof the bull/virile one (of the male)
वृष्णः:
Sambandha (genitive) / Adhikaraṇa (contextual)
TypeNoun
Rootवृषन्- (प्रातिपदिक)
इच्छन्तिdesire, seek
इच्छन्ति:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootइष् (इच्छ्)
शक्तिम्power, capability
शक्तिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशक्ति- (प्रातिपदिक)
नमस्यन्तीःworshipping, doing reverence
नमस्यन्तीः:
Kartā (as qualifier of the subject) / Hetu (manner) संदर्भतः
TypeParticiple (present active) used adjectivally
Rootनमस् + य (नामस्य) / धातु: नम् (नमस्यति)
जानतेthey know/recognize
जानते:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootज्ञा (जन/जान) — वैदिक रूप
गर्भम्embryo, foetus; (also) inner germ/seed
गर्भम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगर्भ- (प्रातिपदिक)
अस्मिन्in this
अस्मिन्:
Adhikaraṇa
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अच्छाtowards, unto
अच्छा:
Adhikaraṇa (direction) / Gati
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअच्छा (अव्यय)
पुत्रम्son, child
पुत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र- (प्रातिपदिक)
धेनवःcows
धेनवः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootधेनु- (प्रातिपदिक)
वावशानाःeagerly longing/lowing with desire
वावशानाः:
Kartā (as qualifier of the subject)
TypeParticiple (desiderative/intensive sense) used adjectivally
Root√वश्/वाश् (इच्छा/आकाङ्क्षा/रव) — वैदिक कृत्-रूप ‘वावशान’
महःgreatness; great might/light
महः:
Karma (object of ‘चरन्ति’ in sense ‘go/act in great might/light’) / Adverbial-accusative
TypeNoun
Rootमहत्/महस्- (प्रातिपदिक)
चand
च:
(समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
चरन्तिthey move, proceed, act
चरन्ति:
(क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootचर्
बिभ्रतम्bearing, carrying
बिभ्रतम्:
Karma (qualifier of object)
TypeParticiple (present active) used adjectivally
Rootभृ
वपूंषिforms, bodies, lovely shapes
वपूंषि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवपुस्- (प्रातिपदिक)
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