Rig Veda 3.34.3: Mandala 3, Sukta 34, Mantra 3
Sukta 3.34
Rishi: Viśvāmitra Gāthina
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
इन्द्रो वृत्रमवृणोच्छर्धनीतिः प्र मायिनाममिनाद्वर्पणीतिः । अहन्व्यंसमुशधग्वनेष्वाविर्धेना अकृणोद्राम्याणाम् ॥
Transliteration
índro vṛtrám avṛṇoc chárdha-nītiḥ prá māyínām aminād várpa-nītiḥ | áhann ví-aṃsam uśádhak váneṣv āvír dhénā akṛṇod rāmyā́ṇām ||
Translation
インドラは、突撃の首領ヴリトラをあらわにし、幻術師たちのさまざまな形を打ち砕いた――正しく形づくる者として。森の中で塞ぐ者を撃ち、光り輝く牛群を顕現させた――野に動き出る歓喜の贈りものを。
Word by Word
इन्द्रःIndra
इन्द्रः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
वृत्रम्Vṛtra (the obstructor)
वृत्रम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
अवृणोत्he split/opened (him)
अवृणोत्:
—
TypeVerb
Root√वृ (वृणोति ‘to cover/obstruct’; here ‘to open/tear apart’ in Vedic usage)
शर्धनीतिःthe leader/impeller of the host (epithet of Indra)
शर्धनीतिः:
कर्तृ (इन्द्रस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeNoun/Adjective (epithet)
Rootशर्धनीति (प्रातिपदिक; बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय-समास: शर्धन् ‘host, troop’ + नीति ‘leading/impulse’)
प्रforth, forward
प्र:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (उपसर्ग/निपात)
मायिनाम्of the sorcerers/illusionists
मायिनाम्:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootमायिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
अमिनात्he shattered/destroyed
अमिनात्:
—
TypeVerb
Root√मी/मि (मिनाति ‘to diminish, damage, destroy’)
वर्पणीतिःthe impeller of forms/strength (epithet of Indra)
वर्पणीतिः:
कर्तृ (इन्द्रस्य विशेषणम्)
TypeNoun/Adjective (epithet)
Rootवर्पणीति (प्रातिपदिक; from वर्पस्/वर्पण ‘form, body, appearance’ + नीति ‘impulse/leading’)
अहन्he slew
अहन्:
—
TypeVerb
Root√हन् (हन्ति ‘to strike, slay’)
व्यम्Vya (a demon/serpent)
व्यम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootव्या (प्रातिपदिक; Vedic form, ‘the encompassing one/serpent’ used as a demon-name)
सम्together, completely
सम्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम् (उपसर्ग/निपात)
उशधक्Uśadhak (a demon)
उशधक्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootउशधक् (प्रातिपदिक; Vedic demon-name; often analyzed as उशध्/उषध् + क्)
वनेषुin the woods/forests
वनेषु:
अधिकरण
TypeNoun
Rootवन (प्रातिपदिक)
आविःopenly, manifestly
आविः:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootआविस्/आविः (अव्यय)
धेनाwith the milch-cow (i.e., as a means; figuratively ‘with the nourishing stream’)
धेना:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootधेनु (प्रातिपदिक)
अकृणोत्he made
अकृणोत्:
—
TypeVerb
Root√कृ (करोति ‘to make, do’)
अद्राम्याणाम्of the untamed/wild (ones)
अद्राम्याणाम्:
सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी)
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootअद्राम्य (प्रातिपदिक; नञ्-समास: a- + द्राम्य ‘tame/settled’; ‘not-tame, wild’)
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