Rig Veda 1.86.10: Mandala 1, Sukta 86, Mantra 10

Sukta 1.86

Rishi: Gautama Rāhūgaṇa (traditional)

Devata: Marutaḥ (as light-makers and expellers of darkness)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable)

Samhita Patha (Devanagari)

गूहता गुह्यं तमो वि यात विश्वमत्रिणम् । ज्योतिष्कर्ता यदुश्मसि ॥

Sanskrit recitationRig Veda 1.86.10

Transliteration

gū́hatā gúhyaṃ támo ví yāta víśvam atríṇam | jyótiṣkartā yád uśmási ||

Translation

秘められた闇をさらに秘して退けよ。ここにある一切の貪り喰らう昏冥を追い払え。われらは光を作る者となろう——それこそ、われらが熱く希い求めるものゆえ。

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Word by Word

• गूहता: hide (you all)!
• गूहता: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गुह् (गूह्) ‘गोपने/निगूढे’

• गुह्यम्: the secret (thing)
• गुह्यम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: गुह्य (from √गुह्) / prātipadika ‘to be hidden, secret’

• तमः: darkness
• तमः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: तमस् (prātipadika) ‘darkness’

• वि: apart, away
• वि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वि (upasarga/avyaya)

• यात: go (you all), depart
• यात: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √या ‘गत्यर्थे’

• विश्वम्: all (of it), the whole
• विश्वम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: विश्व (prātipadika) ‘all, entire’

• अत्रिणम्: the Atriṇ (devouring demon/foe)
• अत्रिणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अत्रिन् (prātipadika) ‘devourer; demon/hostile being’

• ज्योतिष्कर्ता: the maker of light
• ज्योतिष्कर्ता: Kartā
• Type: Noun (agent)
• Root: ज्योतिष् + कर्तृ (from √कृ ‘करणे’) → compound prātipadika ‘light-maker’

• यत्: when/that which
• यत्: —
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (relative pronoun)

• उश्मसि: we wish/desire
• उश्मसि: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वश्/उश् (Vedic) ‘to wish, desire’ → उश्मसि