Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 21, Shloka 13

सागरप्रतीक्षा-क्रोधप्रादुर्भावः

Rama’s Vigil at the Ocean and the Rise of Wrath

Devanagari script

समुद्रस्यततःक्रुद्धोरामोरक्तान्तलोचनः ।समीपस्थमुवाचेदंलक्ष्मणंशुभलक्ष्मणम् ।।6.21.13।।

Transliteration

samudrasya tataḥ kruddho rāmo raktāntalocanaḥ | samīpastham uvācedaṃ lakṣmaṇaṃ śubhalakṣaṇam ||6.21.13||

Translation

そのとき、海に対して憤り、目尻を赤く染めたラーマは、近くに立つ吉祥の相を備えたラクシュマナに、次の言葉を告げた。

Word by Word

• समुद्रस्य: of the ocean
• समुद्रस्य: सम्बन्ध (षष्ठी/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: समुद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन

• ततः: then
• ततः: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, काल/क्रम-वाचक (temporal/sequence adverb)

• क्रुद्धः: enraged
• क्रुद्धः: कर्तृविशेषण (Qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: क्रुध् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन; विशेषण

• रामः: Rama
• रामः: कर्ता (कर्तृ/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन

• रक्तान्तलोचनः: red-eyed (with reddened eye-corners)
• रक्तान्तलोचनः: कर्तृविशेषण (Qualifier of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रक्त (प्रातिपदिक) + अन्त (प्रातिपदिक) + लोचन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (रक्तान्ते लोचने यस्य/whose eyes have red ends), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण

• समीपस्थम्: standing nearby
• समीपस्थम्: कर्म (Object complement)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: समीप (प्रातिपदिक) + स्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (समीपे स्थितम्/standing nearby), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन; कर्म-विशेषण

• उवाच: said/spoke
• उवाच: क्रिया (Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• इदम्: this (thus)
• इदम्: कर्म (Object/content)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; वाक्य-वस्तु (quoted content)

• लक्ष्मणम्: to Lakshmana
• लक्ष्मणम्: सम्प्रदान/प्रति (Addressee; target of speech)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लक्ष्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• शुभलक्ष्मणम्: auspicious Lakshmana
• शुभलक्ष्मणम्: सम्प्रदान-विशेषण (Qualifier of addressee)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुभ (प्रातिपदिक) + लक्ष्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास (शुभः लक्ष्मणः/auspicious-marked Lakshmana), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; विशेषण

Context

Enraged at the ocean, Rama's eyes turned red. He went near Lakshmana who was endowed with auspicious marks and thus addressed.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Samudra/Sāgara (Ocean)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes discerning when patience ends and decisive leadership must begin; anger here arises from obstruction to a righteous mission.

What is the narrative situation?

After repeated non-response from the sea, Rāma turns to Lakṣmaṇa to declare his next course of action.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Protective resolve—readiness to act when rightful requests are ignored.