
Rishi: Angiras/Atharvanic (Manyu-hymn tradition; exact r̥ṣi not recoverable here)
Devata: Manyu (personified Wrath), with Agni/Maruts as functional comparanda
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (probable; requires metrical confirmation)
AV 4.31 は戦陣のマニュ(Manyu=擬人化された憤怒・戦怒)讃歌であり、戦いの狂熱を神的な同盟者として祝聖し、戦団を抗しがたい、武器を研ぎ澄ます軍勢へと変え、「アグニの姿において」前進させる。諸氏族を戦闘へ組織し、勝利の鬨の声を高く掲げ、心より生ずる恐怖によって敵を潰走させること、さらにマニュ(結びではヴァルナも)により、凝集された富・戦利品を確保し堅固にすることを求める。
Mantra 1
सेनानिरीक्षणम्। त्वया॑ मन्यो स॒रथ॑मारु॒जन्तो हर्ष॑माणा हृषि॒तासो॑ मरुत्वन्। ति॒ग्मेष॑व॒ आयु॑धा सं॒शिशा॑ना॒ उप॒ प्र य॑न्तु॒ नरो॑ अ॒ग्निरू॑पाः
(軍勢の観察。)汝とともに、オー Manyu(戦怒)、彼らは戦車に乗り、歓喜して奮い立ち、オー Marut(嵐の神々)のごとく、鋭き矢を備え、武器を研ぎ澄ます。Agni(火神)の姿を帯びる男たちよ、近くへ、そして前へと進み出よ。
Mantra 2
अ॒ग्निरि॑व मन्यो त्विषि॒तः स॑हस्व सेना॒नीर्नः॑ सहुरे हू॒त ए॑धि । ह॒त्वाय॒ शत्रू॒न् वि भ॑जस्व॒ वेद॒ ओजो॒ मिमा॑नो॒ वि मृधो॑ नुदस्व
Agni(火神)のごとく、オー Manyu(戦怒)、燃え立ちて強くあれ。われらの軍の統帥として、招かれし者よ、勝利のために増し栄えよ。敵を殺すため、彼らを裂き分けよ――汝は知っている――力を量り配し、敵対する圧迫(軍勢)を押し退けよ。
Mantra 3
सह॑स्व मन्यो अ॒भिमा॑तिम॒स्मै रु॒जन् मृ॒णन् प्र॑मृ॒णन् प्रेहि॒ शत्रू॑न्। उ॒ग्रं ते॒ पाजो॑ न॒न्वा रु॑रुध्रे व॒शी वशं॑ नयासा एकज॒ त्वम्
Prevail, O Manyu, against his hostile purpose—breaking, crushing, crushing utterly—go forth upon the foes. Fierce is thy might: verily thou hast hemmed them in; masterful, thou leadest them into subjection—thou alone indeed.
Mantra 4
एको॑ बहू॒नाम॑सि मन्य ईडि॒ता विशं॑विशं यु॒द्धाय॒ सं शि॑शाधि । अकृ॑त्तरु॒क् त्वया॑ यु॒जा व॒यं द्यु॒मन्तं॒ घोषं॑ विज॒याय॑ कृण्मसि
Thou art the One of many, O Manyu, praised: set thou each clan in order for the battle. With thee as yoked ally, O unbroken-splendoured, we make for victory a radiant shout of triumph.
Mantra 5
वि॒जे॒ष॒कृदिन्द्र॑ इवानवब्र॒वो॒३ऽस्माकं॑ मन्यो अधि॒पा भ॑वे॒ह। प्रि॒यं ते॒ नाम॑ सहुरे गृणीमसि वि॒द्मा तमुत्सं॒ यत॑ आब॒भूथ॑
Victory-working, like Indra, unrebukable, be thou here our over-lord, O Manyu. Thy dear Name, O overpowering One, we hymn; we know that well-spring whence thou hast arisen.
Mantra 6
आभू॑त्या सह॒जा व॑ज्र सायक॒ सहो॑ बिभर्षि सहभूत॒ उत्त॑रम्। क्रत्वा॑ नो मन्यो स॒ह मे॒द्येऽधि महाध॒नस्य पुरुहूत सं॒सृजि॑
増しゆく威力と生得の力をもって、金剛の矢を持つ者よ、汝は結び合わされた力を担い、上位の勝勢を保つ。意志(クラトゥ)によって、マニュ(Manyu)よ、われらと盟して、力のうちに、大いなる戦利の上に——多く呼ばれる者よ——われらの諸力を結合せよ。
Mantra 7
संसृ॑ष्टं धन॑मु॒भयं॑ स॒माकृ॑तम॒स्मभ्यं॑ धत्तां॒ वरु॑णश्च म॒न्युः । भियो॒ दधा॑ना॒ हॄदये॑षु॒ शत्र॑वः॒ परा॑जितासो अप॒ नि ल॑यन्ताम्
ヴァルナ(Varuṇa)とマニュ(Manyu)が、二重にして堅く結び固められ、全き完成を得た財を、われらに授けたまえ。敵どもは心に恐れを抱き、敗れ去って退き——遠くへ、下へ——身を隠してしまえ。
In AV 4.31, Manyu is treated as a personified power: battle-fury that can be praised, yoked as an ally, and directed to organize troops and break the enemy’s will.
“Agni-form” (agni-rūpāḥ) is a transformation-image: the fighters advance as if fire itself—bright, consuming, unstoppable—so their momentum and terror-effect intensify.
Its primary aim is martial victory and enemy-routing (Abhicārika/Rājanya), but the close also asks Varuṇa and Manyu for ‘well-compacted’ wealth—spoils and secure gains (a Paustika outcome).
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