Arthashastra 3.13.38: Dharmasthiya, Adhyaya 13, Sutra 38
Devanagari script
आत्माधिगतं स्वामिकर्माविरुद्धं लभेत पित्र्यं च दायम् ॥
Transliteration
ātmādhigataṃ svāmikarmāviruddhaṃ labheta pitryaṃ ca dāyam
Translation
彼は、自らの努力で得たものについて、主人の仕事や権利主張に反しない限り、保持／取得してよい。また、父方の相続分も受け取るべきである。
Word by Word
आत्म-अधिगतंself-acquired (property/wealth)
आत्म-अधिगतं:
TypeParticiple (Verbal adjective)
Rootअधि√गम्
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा/द्वितीया; भूतकृदन्त (क्त), ‘अधिगत’ = प्राप्त/उपार्जित; ‘आत्म’ = स्वयम् (कर्ता/स्वामि) सम्बन्धेन
स्वामि-कर्म-अविरुद्धंnot contrary to the master’s work/duty
स्वामि-कर्म-अविरुद्धं:
TypeAdjective (compound)
Root√रुध् (निरोधे) / विरुद्ध (ppp)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा/द्वितीया; ‘स्वामिकर्म’ = स्वामिनः कर्म/कार्य; ‘अविरुद्ध’ = न विरुद्ध (नञ्-तत्पुरुष)
लभेतshould obtain / may receive
लभेत:
TypeVerb
Root√लभ्
Formलोट्/विधिलिङ् (विधि/आज्ञार्थ), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; ‘he should obtain/receive’
पित्र्यंpaternal/ancestral
पित्र्यं:
TypeAdjective
Rootपितृ (पित्र्य)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा/द्वितीया; ‘पित्र्य’ = पितृसम्बन्धि/पैतृक
चand
च:
TypeParticle
Rootच
Formसमुच्चयार्थक अव्यय
दायंinheritance / hereditary share
दायं:
TypeNoun
Rootदाय
Formपुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, द्वितीया; ‘दाय’ = उत्तराधिकार/विभाग्यधन
Entities Mentioned
S
svāmin (master/employer)FAQs
It allows the pledged person to keep self-acquired gains and inherit, but carves out the employer’s legitimate operational claim—an early rule separating personal property from service obligations.
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