Rig Veda Sukta 45
Mandala 1Sukta 4510 Mantras

Sukta 45

Sukta 1.45

Rishi

Kaṇva (Kāṇva lineage) (traditional for RV 1.45)

Chandas

Gāyatrī (probable; requires pada-count verification)

This hymn addresses Agni as the priestly summoner who brings the divine clans—Vasus, Rudras, and Ādityas—into the human sacrifice and makes the rite “well-pathed” (su-adhvara). It repeatedly asks Agni to carry the oblation and the worshiper’s intent upward, so the human community of Manu may be aligned with the cosmic order. The close links Agni’s yajana with Soma’s presence, culminating in a call for the gods to drink and for the rite to transcend ordinary time.

Recitation with translationRig Veda 1.45

In this hymn

Addressed to

  • Agnias summoner and sacrificer; also invokes Vasus, Rudras, Ādityas

    Agni is the bright, flame-haired priest (śociṣkeśa) and the bearer of offerings (havyavāhana), invoked by clans and settlements as the one who brings the gods near and conducts the sacrifice correctly.

Mantras

Mantra 1

त्वमग्ने वसूँरिह रुद्राँ आदित्याँ उत । यजा स्वध्वरं जनं मनुजातं घृतप्रुषम् ॥

अग्नि, तुम वसु देवता, रुद्र देवता और आदित्य देवता को यहाँ लाओ। यज्ञ का काम करो। मनु के वंश से पैदा हुए लोगों के लिए यह बलि दो। घी डाल के यह पूजा सही बन जाए।

Mantra 2

श्रुष्टीवानो हि दाशुषे देवा अग्ने विचेतसः । तान्रोहिदश्व गिर्वणस्त्रयस्त्रिंशतमा वह ॥

अग्नि, देवता जो देनेवाले की बात सुनने को तैयार रहते हैं। उनका ज्ञान बहुत चौड़ा है। इनको यहाँ लाओ, तुम्हारे लाल घोड़े हैं। पूँछ के ग्यारह, पूँछ के ग्यारह, पूँछ के ग्यारह, पूरे तीस और एक देवता इस यज्ञ में आ जायें।

Mantra 3

प्रियमेधवदत्रिवज्जातवेदो विरूपवत् । अङ्गिरस्वन्महिव्रत प्रस्कण्वस्य श्रुधी हवम् ॥

जातवेदस, जैसे तुमने प्रियमेध ऋषि की सुनी, जैसे अत्रि ऋषि की सुनी, जैसे विरूप ऋषि की सुनी, जैसे अंगिरा ऋषियों की सुनी, वैसे ही अब प्रस्कण्व ऋषि की पुकार सुनो। तुम बड़े धरम वाले हो, इसलिए जवाब दो।

Mantra 4

महिकेरव ऊतये प्रियमेधा अहूषत । राजन्तमध्वराणामग्निं शुक्रेण शोचिषा ॥

प्रियमेध ऋषि ने बड़ी आवाज़ में पुकारा और मदद माँगी। अग्नि जो यज्ञ का राजा है, उसकी आग चमक रही है। यह अग्नि हमारी पूजा को संभाले और सही रास्ते पे ले जाए।

Mantra 5

घृताहवन सन्त्येमा उ षु श्रुधी गिरः । याभिः कण्वस्य सूनवो हवन्तेऽवसे त्वा ॥

अग्नि, तुम्हारी आग में घी की रोशनी है। यह सब शब्द यहाँ हैं, इन्हे ध्यान से सुनो। कण्व रिशि के बेटे तुम्हे पुकार रहे हैं और मदद माँग रहे हैं। तुम आओ और हवा में हवन ले जाओ, और हमारे मन को अंदर ले जाओ।

Mantra 6

त्वां चित्रश्रवस्तम हवन्ते विक्षु जन्तवः । शोचिष्केशं पुरुप्रियाग्ने हव्याय वोळ्हवे ॥

तुम्हारी बड़ाई सबसे ज़्यादा है। लोग तुम्हे पुकारते हैं। अग्नि, तुम्हारे बाल आग जैसी चमक में हैं और बहुत लोग तुम्हे प्यार करते हैं। तुम हमारा हवन ऊपर ले जाओ और हमारे मन को आगे बढ़ा दो।

Mantra 7

नि त्वा होतारमृत्विजं दधिरे वसुवित्तमम् । श्रुत्कर्णं सप्रथस्तमं विप्रा अग्ने दिविष्टिषु ॥

रिशि लोगों ने तुम्हे पंडित बना के बिठाया है। सही वक्त के लिए। तुम सचाई ढूँढने में सबसे अच्छे हो। अग्नि, तुम्हारी सुनने की ताकत है और तुम बहुत फैल गए हो। तुम भगवान के काम में लग गए हो।

Mantra 8

आ त्वा विप्रा अचुच्यवुः सुतसोमा अभि प्रयः । बृहद्भा बिभ्रतो हविरग्ने मर्ताय दाशुषे ॥

रिशि लोग तुम्हारी तरफ आए हैं। उन्होंने सोम रस निकाला है और हवन पकड़ के लाए हैं। बड़ी रोशनी लेकर आए हैं। अग्नि, जो इंसान देनेवाला है, उसके लिए चमकने वाला बन जाओ। इस रोशनी को हवन में रखो।

Mantra 9

प्रातर्याव्णः सहस्कृत सोमपेयाय सन्त्य । इहाद्य दैव्यं जनं बर्हिरा सादया वसो ॥

तुम बड़ी ताकत वाले हो, सुबह सुबह आओ। सोम पीने के लिए तैयार हो। आज यहाँ भगवान लोगों को बिठाओ। चमकने वाले, हमारे अंदर उनकी सही जगह बना दो ताकि सुबह का काम पूरा हो।

Mantra 10

अर्वाञ्चं दैव्यं जनमग्ने यक्ष्व सहूतिभिः । अयं सोमः सुदानवस्तं पात तिरोअह्न्यम् ॥

अग्नि से कह रहे हैं कि आओ और देवताओं के लिए यज्ञ करो। बुलावा भेजो और वो आएगा। यहाँ सोम है, जो सबको देता है। इसको पियो, यह ऐसा है जो दिन के बाद भी रहता है। यह हमें समय के पार ले जाता है।

Inside Sukta 45

How it unfolds

  1. Where it opens

    Agni is asked to bring the principal divine clans to the sacrifice and to conduct the rite for the Manu-born human community in a well-ordered way.

  2. Development

    The hymn expands Agni’s role: widely invoked among settlements, he is flame-haired and beloved, the one who bears offerings and makes the sacrifice effective across human space and social life.

  3. Climax

    Agni is urged to turn hither and sacrifice for the ‘divine folk’ with supportive invocations, linking the human rite directly to the divine assembly and its acceptance.

  4. Where it settles

    Soma is declared present; the gods are invited to drink, and the rite concludes with a sense of continuity beyond ordinary day-bound time.

The deity: Agni

  • Cosmic functionMediator between humans and gods: he conveys oblations to the deities, summons divine hosts, and establishes the sacrificial order that mirrors ṛta (cosmic truth/order).
  • Inner significanceThe awakened fire of will and discernment that gathers scattered powers of the psyche, offers them to the highest aim, and turns inner practice into a ‘straight path’ (su-adhvara).

The seer

  • KaṇvaKāṇva (Kanva lineage) · A prominent early Rigvedic seer whose family hymns are noted for clear ritual diction and strong Agni-invocation, often emphasizing Agni as both messenger and officiant (hotṛ) who perfects the sacrifice.

Famous verses

yajā svadhvaraṃ
Verse 1.45.1Sets the hymn’s program: Agni as summoner of Vasus, Rudras, and Ādityas, and as the one who makes the human sacrifice su-adhvara (well-pathed, correctly ordered).Read verse 1.45.1 →
śociṣkeśam
Verse 1.45.6A vivid central portrait of Agni as ‘flame-haired’ and universally invoked in the settlements; emphasizes his function as the carrier of offerings and the beloved of many.Read verse 1.45.6 →
ayaṃ somaḥ
Verse 1.45.10Concluding turn: Agni is asked to sacrifice for the divine folk, and Soma is presented for the gods’ drinking—sealing the rite’s reciprocity and uplift.Read verse 1.45.10 →

Attributes of the deity

  • Hotṛ/priestly power (yajña-leader)
  • Summoner of the gods (deva-āhvāna)
  • Carrier of offerings (havyavāhana)
  • Flame-haired, radiant presence (śociṣkeśa)
  • Order-maker: makes the rite well-directed (su-adhvara)
  • Protector and benefactor of the human community (manujāta jana)

Also by this seer

  • Rigvedic Kāṇva corpus (notably many hymns in Mandala 1 and substantial portions of Mandala 8 attributed to Kāṇvas)
  • Agni and Indra praise hymns within the Kāṇva tradition used as model invocations in later śrauta-style recitation

The rite, step by step

  • Kindle or attend the sacred fire; establish Agni as the present priest and messenger.
  • Invite Agni to bring the Vasus, Rudras, and Ādityas to the rite (divine assembly).
  • Perform the offering with ghee as the clarifying medium; affirm the rite as su-adhvara (well-ordered).
  • Invoke Agni as havyavāhana to carry the oblation and the hymn’s intention upward.
  • Turn the rite toward the ‘divine folk’ (daivya jana) and confirm communal participation (vikṣu jantavaḥ).
  • Present Soma as present power; invite the gods to drink, sealing reciprocity between human offering and divine blessing.

Offerings

  • Ghee/clarified butter (ghṛta) as oblation and ‘clarity’ symbol
  • Soma (as the drink/power offered to the gods)
  • Recited praise (stoma) as a verbal offering

Frequently Asked Questions

It asks Agni to come as the priest of the sacrifice, summon the divine groups (Vasus, Rudras, Ādityas), and carry the offerings so the rite becomes well-ordered and effective.

They represent major ‘families’ of gods. Calling them together means inviting a complete divine assembly to witness and accept the sacrifice.

Agni conducts the offering, while Soma is the sacred drink offered to the gods. The hymn links them: Agni brings the gods and completes the rite, and Soma seals it through divine drinking and blessing.

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