
Vāraṇāvatāgamana: Public Farewell, Vidura’s Coded Counsel, and Departure
Upa-parva: Vāraṇāvatāgamana (Departure to Vāraṇāvata) Episode
Vaiśaṃpāyana describes the Pāṇḍavas preparing their chariots and formally taking leave: they bow to Bhīṣma and other elders including Dhṛtarāṣṭra, Droṇa, Vidura, and Kṛpa, then honor their mothers and circumambulate in ritual respect. The citizens follow in grief, voicing concern that the king’s judgment is obscured and that the Pāṇḍavas—portrayed as unlikely to choose wrongdoing—are being displaced unjustly. Yudhiṣṭhira responds with a disciplined articulation of duty: the king is to be treated as father and foremost authority; therefore the command must be carried out without suspicion, and the citizens should return after blessings, offering help when needed. After the public disperses, Vidura privately instructs Yudhiṣṭhira through layered metaphors about concealed dangers, sharp weapons without metal, and survival through vigilance and knowledge of pathways—indirectly signaling a hostile environment and the need for strategic awareness. Kuntī then asks Yudhiṣṭhira to recount Vidura’s words; he summarizes the counsel, indicating he has understood. The chapter closes with a temporal marker and arrival: on the eighth day, under Rohiṇī in Phālguna, they reach Vāraṇāvata and see the townspeople.
Chapter Arc: In the gurukula’s proving-ground, Drona sets a razor-edged test: the arrow must fly the instant his command is given—discipline and aim must become one breath. → One by one the princes are questioned on what they see; their minds scatter across tree, branch, and sky. Only Arjuna’s gaze narrows to a single point—the bird’s eye—while Drona’s own peril (seized by a graha/crocodile-like being) presses the students toward decisive action. → Arjuna, bow drawn into a perfect circle, answers: he sees only the bird—nothing else—and at Drona’s word releases the shaft with flawless timing; the feat culminates in the slaying of the graha and the freeing of the guru. → Drona, though capable himself, accepts the rescue as the seal of Arjuna’s supremacy in focus and obedience; he grants Arjuna a supreme astra for use against non-human foes and declares that no other archer will equal him. → The gift of a ‘parama-astra’ and the proclamation of unmatched prowess foreshadow future contests and the dangerous weight of exceptional power.
Verse 1
(दाक्षिणात्य अधिक पाठका १ श्लोक मिलाकर कुल ८० “लोक हैं।) भीकम (2 अमान द्वात्रिशर्दाधिकशततमो< ध्याय: अर्जुनके द्वारा लक्ष्यवेध, द्रोणका ग्राहसे छुटकारा और अर्जुनको ब्रह्मशिर नामक अस्त्रकी प्राप्ति वैशम्पायन उवाच ततो धनंजयं द्रोण: स्मयमानो5 भ्यभाषत । त्वयेदानीं प्रहर्तव्यमेतल्लक्ष्यं विलोक्यताम्,वैशम्पायनजी कहते हैं--जनमेजय! तदनन्तर द्रोणाचार्यने अर्जुनसे मुसकराते हुए कहा--'अब तुम्हें इस लक्ष्यका वेध करना है। इसे अच्छी तरह देख लो'
Vaiśampāyana said: Then Droṇa, smiling, addressed Dhanañjaya (Arjuna): “Now it is for you to strike—look carefully at this target.”
Verse 2
मद्वाक्यसमकाल ते मोक्तव्यो5त्र भवेच्छर: | वितत्य कार्मुकं पुत्र तिष्ठ तावन्मुहूर्तकम्,“मेरी आज्ञा मिलनेके साथ ही तुम्हें इसपर बाण छोड़ना होगा। बेटा! धनुष तानकर खड़े हो जाओ और दो घड़ी मेरे आदेशकी प्रतीक्षा करो”
Vaiśampāyana said: “At the very moment you receive my command, you must release an arrow here. My son, string and draw your bow, stand ready, and wait for a short while for my order.”
Verse 3
एवमुक्त: सव्यसाची मण्डलीकृतकार्मुक: । तस्थौ भासं समुद्दिश्य गुरुवाक्यप्रचोदित:,उनके ऐसा कहनेपर अर्जुनने धनुषको इस प्रकार खींचा कि वह मण्डलाकार (गोल) प्रतीत होने लगा। फिर वे गुरुकी आज्ञासे प्रेरित हो गीधकी ओर लक्ष्य करके खड़े हो गये
Thus addressed, Arjuna—renowned as the ambidextrous archer—drew his bow so swiftly that it seemed to form a circle. Urged on by his teacher’s command, he stood poised, fixing his aim upon the bird (the target).
Verse 4
मुहूर्तादिव तं द्रोणस्तथैव समभाषत । पश्यस्थेनं स्थितं भासं द्रुमं मामपि चार्जुन,मानो दो घड़ी बाद द्रोणाचार्यने उनसे भी उसी प्रकार प्रश्न किया--'अर्जुन! क्या तुम उस वृक्षपर बैठे हुए गीधको, वृक्षको और मुझे भी देखते हो?”
After a short while, Droṇa addressed him again in the same manner: “Arjuna, do you see that vulture perched there, the tree, and me as well?”
Verse 5
पश्याम्येक॑ भासमिति द्रोणं पार्थो& भ्यभाषत । नतु वृक्ष भवन्तं वा पश्यामीति च भारत,जनमेजय! यह प्रश्न सुनकर अर्जुनने द्रोणाचार्यसे कहा--“मैं केवल गीधको देखता हूँ। वृक्षको अथवा आपको नहीं देखता”
Vaiśampāyana said: When questioned, Pārtha (Arjuna) replied to Droṇa, “I see only the bhāsa (the bird) alone; I do not see the tree, nor do I see you.”
Verse 6
ततः प्रीतमना द्रोणो मुहूर्तादिव त॑ं पुनः । प्रत्यभाषत दुर्धर्ष: पाण्डवानां महारथम्,इस उत्तरसे द्रोणका मन प्रसन्न हो गया। मानो दो घड़ी बाद दुर्धर्ष द्रोणाचार्यने पाण्डव- महारथी अर्जुनसे फिर पूछा--
Then Droṇa, his mind pleased, after what seemed like a brief interval, addressed him again. The formidable Droṇācārya spoke once more to Arjuna, the great chariot-warrior among the Pāṇḍavas.
Verse 7
भासं पश्यसि यद्येनं तथा ब्रूहि पुनर्वच: । शिर: पश्यामि भासस्य न गात्रमिति सो<ब्रवीत्,“वत्स! यदि तुम इस गीधको देखते हो तो फिर बताओ, उसके अंग कैसे हैं?” अर्जुन बोले--'मैं गीधका मस्तकभर देख रहा हूँ, उसके सम्पूर्ण शरीरको नहीं”
Vaiśampāyana said: “If you do see that hawk, then tell me again exactly what you see.” Arjuna replied, “I see only the hawk’s head; I do not see its body.”
Verse 8
अर्जुनेनैवमुक्तस्तु द्रोणो हृष्टतनूरुह: । मुज्चस्वेत्यब्रवीत् पार्थ स मुमोचाविचारयन्,अर्जुनके यों कहनेपर द्रोणाचार्यके शरीरमें (हर्षातिरेकसे) रोमांच हो आया और वे अर्जुनसे बोले, 'चलाओ बाण”! अर्जुनने बिना सोचे-विचारे बाण छोड़ दिया
When Arjuna had spoken thus, Droṇa’s body thrilled with joy, his hairs standing on end. He said to Pārtha, “Shoot!” And Arjuna, without pausing to deliberate, released the arrow.
Verse 9
ततस्तस्य नगस्थस्य क्षुरेण निशितेन च । शिर उत्कृत्य तरसा पातयामास पाण्डव:,फिर तो पाण्डुनन्दन अर्जुनने अपने चलाये हुए तीखे क्षुर नामक बाणसे वृक्षपर बैठे हुए उस गीधका मस्तक वेगपूर्वक काट गिराया
Then the Pāṇḍava (Arjuna), with a razor-edged, keenly sharpened arrow called kṣura, swiftly severed the head of that bird perched upon the tree and made it fall.
Verse 10
तस्मिन् कर्मणि संसिद्धे पर्यष्वजत पाण्डवम् । मेने च द्रुपदं संख्ये सानुबन्धं पराजितम्,इस कार्यमें सफलता प्राप्त होनेपर आचार्यने अर्जुनको हृदयसे लगा लिया और उन्हें यह विश्वास हो गया कि राजा ट्रुपद युद्धमें अर्जुनद्वारा अपने भाई-बन्धुओंसहित अवश्य पराजित हो जायँगे
When that undertaking had been successfully accomplished, the teacher embraced the Pāṇḍava (Arjuna) with heartfelt approval. He became convinced that King Drupada would surely be defeated in battle by Arjuna, together with all his allies and supporters—an affirmation of the disciple’s prowess and of the teacher’s resolve to settle an old enmity through the code of war.
Verse 11
कस्यचित् त्वथ कालस्य सशिष्योडज़्िरसां वर: । जगाम गड्डामभितो मज्जितुं भरतर्षभ,भरतश्रेष्ठ। तदनन्तर किसी समय आंगिरसवंशियोंमें उत्तम आचार्य द्रोण अपने शिष्योंके साथ गंगाजीमें स्नान करनेके लिये गये
Vaiśampāyana said: After some time, Droṇa—the foremost among the descendants of Aṅgiras—went with his disciples to the river Gaṅgā to bathe. O bull among the Bharatas, O best of the Bharata line, thus the narrative turns to the teacher’s conduct and the disciplined life of students, marked by purity and customary observance.
Verse 12
अवगाढमथो द्रोणं सलिले सलिलेचर: । ग्राहो जग्राह बलवाञ्जड्घान्ते कालचोदित:,वहाँ जलमें गोता लगाते समय कालसे प्रेरित हो एक बलवान् जलजन्तु ग्राहने द्रोणाचार्यकी पिंडली पकड़ ली
Vaiśampāyana said: As Droṇa had plunged into the water, a powerful aquatic creature—a crocodile—seized him by the lower leg, driven as if by Time itself. The episode underscores how unforeseen forces can suddenly bind even the mighty, testing resolve and calling forth the duty of protection and response from others.
Verse 13
स समर्थोडपि मोक्षाय शिष्यान् सर्वानचोदयत् | ग्राहं हत्वा मोक्षयध्वं मामिति त्वरयन्निव,वे अपनेको छुड़ानेमें समर्थ होते हुए भी मानो हड़बड़ाये हुए अपने सभी शिष्योंसे बोले --'इस ग्राहको मारकर मुझे बचाओ”
Vaiśampāyana said: Though he was himself capable of securing release, he urged all his disciples, as if in haste: “Kill this crocodile and free me!” The moment underscores the urgency of rescuing one in distress and the ethical call to act decisively to protect a teacher and uphold one’s duty.
Verse 14
तद्वाक्यसमकाल तु बीभत्सुर्निशितै: शरै: । अवार्य: पज्चभिग्रहं मग्नमम्भस्यताडयत्,उनके इस आदेशके साथ ही बीभत्सु (अर्जुन)-ने पाँच अमोघ एवं तीखे बाणोंद्वारा पानीमें डूबे हुए उस ग्राहपर प्रहार किया
Vaiśampāyana said: At the very moment those words were spoken, Bībhatsu (Arjuna), with five unfailing, razor-sharp arrows, struck the crocodile that had sunk beneath the water—acting swiftly to protect life and uphold rightful duty in the face of sudden danger.
Verse 15
इतरे त्वथ सम्मूढास्तत्र तत्र प्रपेदिरे । तंतु दृष्टवा क्रियोपेतं द्रोणोडमन्यत पाण्डवम्,परंतु दूसरे राजकुमार हक््के-बक्के-से होकर अपने-अपने स्थानपर ही खड़े रह गये। अर्जुनको तत्काल कार्यमें तत्पर देख द्रोणाचार्यने उन्हें अपने सब शिष्योंसे बढ़कर माना और उस समय वे उनपर बहुत प्रसन्न हुए। अर्जुनके बाणोंसे ग्राहके टुकड़े-टुकड़े हो गये और वह महात्मा द्रोणकी पिंडली छोड़कर मर गया। तब द्रोणाचार्यने महारथी महात्मा अर्जुनसे कहा--
Vaiśampāyana said: The others, however, stood bewildered, each remaining where he was. Seeing the Pāṇḍava (Arjuna) promptly engaged in effective action, Droṇa regarded him as foremost among all his pupils and was greatly pleased with him at that time.
Verse 16
विशिष्ट सर्वशिष्येभ्य: प्रीतिमांश्वाभवत् तदा | स पार्थबाणैर्बहुधा खण्डश: परिकल्पित:,परंतु दूसरे राजकुमार हक््के-बक्के-से होकर अपने-अपने स्थानपर ही खड़े रह गये। अर्जुनको तत्काल कार्यमें तत्पर देख द्रोणाचार्यने उन्हें अपने सब शिष्योंसे बढ़कर माना और उस समय वे उनपर बहुत प्रसन्न हुए। अर्जुनके बाणोंसे ग्राहके टुकड़े-टुकड़े हो गये और वह महात्मा द्रोणकी पिंडली छोड़कर मर गया। तब द्रोणाचार्यने महारथी महात्मा अर्जुनसे कहा--
Vaiśampāyana said: At that time Droṇa regarded Arjuna as superior to all his pupils and felt great affection and delight toward him. The assailant was then cut into many pieces by Pārtha’s arrows.
Verse 17
ग्राह: पञ्चत्वमापेदे जड्घां त्यक्त्वा महात्मन: । अथाब्रवीन्महात्मानं भारद्वाजो महारथम्,परंतु दूसरे राजकुमार हक््के-बक्के-से होकर अपने-अपने स्थानपर ही खड़े रह गये। अर्जुनको तत्काल कार्यमें तत्पर देख द्रोणाचार्यने उन्हें अपने सब शिष्योंसे बढ़कर माना और उस समय वे उनपर बहुत प्रसन्न हुए। अर्जुनके बाणोंसे ग्राहके टुकड़े-टुकड़े हो गये और वह महात्मा द्रोणकी पिंडली छोड़कर मर गया। तब द्रोणाचार्यने महारथी महात्मा अर्जुनसे कहा--
Vaiśampāyana said: The crocodile met its end, releasing the great man’s leg. Then Bhāradvāja (Droṇa), the noble warrior, addressed that great chariot-fighter (Arjuna).
Verse 18
गृहाणेदं महाबाहो विशिष्टमतिदुर्धरम् । अस्त्रं ब्रहद्मशिरो नाम सप्रयोगनिवर्तनम्,“महाबाहो! यह ब्रह्मशिर नामक अस्त्र मैं तुम्हें प्रयोग और उपसंहारके साथ बता रहा हूँ। यह सब अस्त्रोंसे बढ़कर है तथा इसे धारण करना भी अत्यन्त कठिन है। तुम इसे ग्रहण करो'
Vaiśampāyana said: “Receive this, O mighty-armed one—an exceptional weapon, exceedingly difficult to bear. It is the missile called Brahmaśiras, and I teach it to you together with its proper application and its withdrawal.”
Verse 19
नच ते मानुषेष्वेतत् प्रयोक्तव्यं कथंचन । जगद् विनिर्दहेदेतदल्पतेजसि पातितम्,“मनुष्योंपर तुम्हें इस अस्त्रका प्रयोग किसी भी दशामें नहीं करना चाहिये। यदि किसी अल्प तेजवाले पुरुषपर इसे चलाया गया तो यह उसके साथ ही समस्त संसारको भस्म कर सकता है
Vaiśampāyana said: “You must never, under any circumstance, employ this weapon against human beings. If it is discharged upon a man of little spiritual or martial radiance, it may, along with him, burn up the entire world.”
Verse 20
असामान्यमिदं तात लोकेष्वस्त्रं निगद्यते । तद् धारयेथा: प्रयत: शृणु चेदं वचो मम,“तात! यह अस्त्र तीनों लोकोंमें असाधारण बताया गया है। तुम मन और इन्द्रियोंको संयममें रखकर इस अस्त्रको धारण करो और मेरी यह बात सुनो
Vaiśampāyana said: “My son, this weapon is spoken of in the worlds as something extraordinary. Therefore, bear it with disciplined self-control; and listen carefully to what I say.”
Verse 21
बाधेतामानुष: शत्रुर्यदि त्वां वीर कश्नन । तद्वधाय प्रयुञज्जीथास्तदस्त्रमिदमाहवे,“वीर! यदि कोई अमानव शत्रु तुम्हें युद्धमें पीड़ा देने लगे तो तुम उसका वध करनेके लिये इस अस्त्रका प्रयोग कर सकते हो”
Vaiśampāyana said: “O hero, if any non-human foe should trouble you in battle, then, for his destruction, you may employ this weapon here in the fight.”
Verse 22
तथेति सम्प्रतिश्रुत्य बीभत्सु: स कृताञज्जलि: । जग्राह परमास्त्रं तदाह चैन पुनर्गुरु: । भविता त्वत्समो नान्य: पुमॉल्लोके धनुर्धर:,तब अर्जुनने “तथास्तु' कहकर वैसा ही करनेकी प्रतिज्ञा की और हाथ जोड़कर उस उत्तम अस्त्रको ग्रहण किया। उस समय गुरु द्रोणने अर्जुनसे पुन: यह बात कही--*संसारमें दूसरा कोई पुरुष तुम्हारे समान धनुर्धर न होगा”
“So be it,” vowed Bībhatsu, and with hands joined in reverence he received that supreme weapon. Then his teacher spoke to him again: “In this world there will be no other man equal to you as a wielder of the bow.”
Verse 132
इति श्रीमहाभारते आदिपर्वणि सम्भवपर्वणि द्रोणग्राहमो क्षणे द्वात्रिशधिकशततमो<ध्याय:
Thus, in the Śrī Mahābhārata, within the Ādi Parva and specifically the Sambhava Parva, ends the one-hundred-and-thirty-second chapter, in the section concerning the “release” (mokṣaṇa) from the episode of Droṇa’s seizure.
The dilemma is how to reconcile obedience to the king’s directive with the perception of injustice: Yudhiṣṭhira models compliance as a dharmic norm while implicitly leaving room for prudent self-protection when conditions are unsafe.
The chapter teaches that righteousness may require both principled restraint (respect for authority and elders) and practical wisdom (recognizing risk, reading indirect counsel, and preparing to navigate adversity without public escalation).
No explicit phalaśruti appears here; the meta-function is narrative and ethical—demonstrating how dharma operates under constraint and how counsel can be encoded to preserve safety within a politically charged environment.