Sukta 76
Sukta 9.76
Soma Pavamāna
يمدح هذا النشيد القصير من أناشيد بافامانا سوما وهو ينساب عبر التطهير؛ جوهرٌ ماهرٌ كالإله، مُسنِدٌ للسماء، يُطلَق في «الأنهار» (القنوات) ويُجعل صالحًا لتمتّع الآلهة. ويربط مرارًا اندفاع سوما المصفّى بتمكين إندرا—إذ يدخل الأوعية الداخلية، ويوقظ العوالم كالبرق، ويمنح العابدين قوةً ونصرًا.
Mantras
Mantra 1
धर्ता दिवः पवते कृत्व्यो रसो दक्षो देवानामनुमाद्यो नृभिः । हरिः सृजानो अत्यो न सत्वभिर्वृथा पाजांसि कृणुते नदीष्वा ॥
حاملُ السماء ينسابُ في التطهير—جوهرٌ فعّال، ومهارةُ الآلهة، ليُتَمتَّعَ به بقوى البشر. والذهبيُّ، إذ يُطلَق، كجوادٍ بقواه، يُنشئ طاقاته العظمى طَلقاً حين يدخل الأنهار (قنواتِ جريان الوعي).
Mantra 2
शूरो न धत्त आयुधा गभस्त्योः स्वः सिषासन्रथिरो गविष्टिषु । इन्द्रस्य शुष्ममीरयन्नपस्युभिरिन्दुर्हिन्वानो अज्यते मनीषिभिः ॥
كالبطلِ يتناولُ السلاحَ في قبضته؛ يبتغي العالمَ المضيءَ، ثابتاً في ميدانِ العربة في طلبِ الأشعّة. وإذ يوقظُ بأسَ إندرا المتحرّك بأعمالِ الإرادة، فإن القطرةَ، مدفوعةً إلى الأمام، تُمسَحُ بالمسحِ المقدّس بفكرِ الرُّؤاة.
Mantra 3
इन्द्रस्य सोम पवमान ऊर्मिणा तविष्यमाणो जठरेष्वा विश । प्र णः पिन्व विद्युदभ्रेव रोदसी धिया न वाजाँ उप मासि शश्वतः ॥
يا سوما، إذ تُطهِّرُ نفسَكَ لأجلِ إندرا، فادخُلْ بموجتِكَ المتدفِّقة إلى الأجوافِ الباطنةِ (الأوعية)، مُتزايدًا في القوّة. زِدْنا: كما أنَّ البرقَ في السحابِ يُوقِظُ العالَمَيْن؛ اقتربْ بفيضِ القوّة، وبـ dhī (الإلهام/الفكر)، على الدوام.
Mantra 4
विश्वस्य राजा पवते स्वर्दृश ऋतस्य धीतिमृषिषाळवीवशत् । यः सूर्यस्यासिरेण मृज्यते पिता मतीनामसमष्टकाव्यः ॥
ملكُ جميعِ الجداولِ ينسابُ في التطهير، ناظرًا إلى العالمِ المضيء؛ يُوقِظُ dhīti (الفكرةَ المُلهَمة) للـ ṛta (الحقّ/النظام الكوني)، قاصمًا زيفَ «العرّافين». والذي يُنقّى بحدِّ الشمسِ الحادّ يصيرُ أبًا للأفكارِ المُلهَمة، شاعرًا ذا تركيبٍ لا يُضاهى.
Mantra 5
वृषेव यूथा परि कोशमर्षस्यपामुपस्थे वृषभः कनिक्रदत् । स इन्द्राय पवसे मत्सरिन्तमो यथा जेषाम समिथे त्वोतयः ॥
كالثورِ بين القطعانِ تندفعُ حولَ الوعاءِ؛ وفي حضنِ المياهِ يَخُورُ الثور. ولأجلِ إندرا تُطهِّرُ نفسَكَ، أشدَّ ما تكونُ نشوةً في سُكركَ المقدّس، لكي نَغْلِبَ في المعركةِ بعونِكَ.
Inside Sukta 76
How it unfolds
- Where it opens
Soma is hailed as the effective, god-skilled essence that upholds heaven and pours into the channels of flow as he is released.
- Development
The hymn intensifies Soma’s motion and power: he surges like a wave, enters inner receptacles, and awakens the two worlds like lightning—bringing increase and plenitude.
- Climax
Soma, bull-like and roaring in the lap of the waters, is explicitly purified for Indra as the most exhilarating force.
- Where it settles
The praise resolves into a practical boon: empowered by Soma-for-Indra, the worshippers ask for enduring increase and conquest in contest/battle through his aid.
The deity: Soma Pavamāna
- In the VedaSoma is the pressed plant-juice and its deified power, ‘pavamāna’ when it is flowing and self-purifying through the woolen filter into the waters; he is called hari (tawny), vṛṣabha (bull), and a potent rasa (essence).
- Cosmic functionHe mediates between gods and humans as the consecrated essence that strengthens Indra and other deities, sustains the order of heaven, and renews vitality through the ritual flow from pressing to clarified offering.
- Inner significanceThe hymn treats purification as an inner alchemy: the surge of inspired consciousness (Soma) enters the ‘bellies’ (receptacles of awareness), awakens the worlds, and converts raw impulse into luminous strength, clarity, and victorious will.
Famous verses
dhartā divaḥ pavate
इन्द्रस्य सोम पवमान ऊर्मिणा तविष्यमाणो जठरेष्वा विश । प्र णः पिन्व विद्युदभ्रेव रोदसी धिया न वाजाँ उप मासि शश्वतः ॥yathā jeṣāma samithe tvotayaḥ
Attributes of the deity
- Self-purifying flow (pavamāna)
- Tawny brilliance (hari)
- Bull-like virility and roar (vṛṣabha)
- Wave/surge of power (ūrmi)
- Indra-energizing intoxication (matsara)
- Heaven-upholding essence (dhartā divaḥ)
Also by this seer
- Part of the wider Pavamāna tradition of Maṇḍala 9 hymns used in Soma pressing and filtration liturgy
- Thematic parallels to other RV 9 hymns describing Soma as ‘hari’ (tawny), ‘vṛṣabha’ (bull), and as entering the waters/filters
The rite, step by step
- Press Soma stalks and express the juice (savana)
- Mix/guide the flow with water; direct it toward the filter (pavitra)
- Filter through wool/grass; collect in the vessel (kośa)
- Recite Pavamāna verses as Soma ‘runs’ and clarifies
- Offer clarified Soma as libation to Indra (and allied deities)
- Conclude with petitions for strength, increase, and victory for the sacrificers
Offerings
- Clarified Soma juice (filtered)
- Water used in purification/flow
- Optional accompanying oblations customary to the rite (e.g., ghee in related fire offerings)
Frequently Asked Questions
The hymn praises Soma in his Pavamāna form—Soma as he flows and purifies through the filter and waters, becoming fit to be offered to the gods, especially Indra.
It refers to the ritual filtration of Soma juice through the pavitra (sieve), and also symbolizes inner clarification—turning raw energy into luminous strength and clear inspiration.
Because Soma is offered to empower Indra, the god of force and conquest; the hymn asks that this Indra-strengthening Soma help the worshippers win in contests and overcome obstacles.
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