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Valmiki Ramayana 2.21.42: Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 21, Shloka 42

अयोध्याकाण्डे एकविंशः सर्गः

Lakṣmaṇa’s militant counsel and Rāma’s dharma-based persuasion of Kausalyā

सोऽहं न शक्ष्यामि पितुर्नियोगमतिवर्तितुम्।पितुर्हिवचनाद्वीर कैकेय्याऽहं प्रचोदितः।।2.21.42।।

Sanskrit recitationValmiki Ramayana 2.21.42

so ’haṃ na śakṣyāmi pitur niyogam ativartitum |

pitur hi vacanād vīra kaikeyyā ’haṃ pracoditaḥ ||2.21.42||

لذلك لا أستطيع أن أتجاوز أمرَ أبي. فلأجل كلمة أبي وحدها، أيها البطل، قد دفعتني كايكيي (نحو المنفى).

saḥthat (I)
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; 'that (person)' used with aham: 'I, such as I am'
ahamI
aham:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, प्रथमा, एकवचन
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय
śakṣyāmiI will be able
śakṣyāmi:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootśak (धातु)
Formलृट् (Simple Future), उत्तमपुरुष (1st), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
pituḥof father
pituḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeNoun
Rootpitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन
niyogamcommand
niyogam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootniyoga (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन
ativartitumto transgress
ativartitum:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeVerb
Rootati+vṛt (धातु)
Formतुमुन्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (infinitive); 'to transgress/overstep'
pituḥof father
pituḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeNoun
Rootpitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन
hifor/indeed
hi:
Sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi (अव्यय)
Formहेतौ/निश्चयार्थक-अव्यय
vacanātfrom the command
vacanāt:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootvacana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/अपादान), एकवचन; 'from the word/command'
vīraO hero
vīra:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootvīra (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
kaikeyyāby Kaikeyi
kaikeyyā:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootkaikeyī (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), एकवचन
ahamI
aham:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootasmad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, प्रथमा, एकवचन
pracoditaḥurged
pracoditaḥ:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra+cod (धातु)
Formप्रचोदित (क्त) कृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; 'urged/impelled'

O hero! I cannot transgress the command of my father since at his instance only Kaikeyi urged me (to go to the forest).

F
father (Daśaratha, implied)
K
Kaikeyī
D
Dharma (implicit through obedience)

FAQs

Dharma here is obedience to a legitimate parental command, even when the immediate cause (Kaikeyī’s urging) is painful. The father’s word is treated as morally binding.

Lakṣmaṇa is agitated; Rāma explains that he will not violate Daśaratha’s command, and that Kaikeyī’s role operates through the father’s pledged word.

Rāma’s self-restraint and fidelity to duty: he refuses to justify disobedience even under provocation.

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