Rig Veda 7.21.2: Mandala 7, Sukta 21, Mantra 2
Sukta 7.21
Rishi: Vasiṣṭha
Devata: Indra
Chandas: Triṣṭubh (likely)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
प्र यन्ति यज्ञं विपयन्ति बर्हिः सोममादो विदथे दुध्रवाचः । न्यु भ्रियन्ते यशसो गृभादा दूरउपब्दो वृषणो नृषाचः ॥
Transliteration
prá yanti yajñáṃ vipáyanti bárhiḥ sómamā́do vidáthe dudhrávācaḥ | ny ù bhriyante yaśáso gṛbhā́d ā́ dū́ra-upabdaḥ vṛ́ṣaṇo nṛṣā́caḥ ||
Translation
他们前行赴向祭祀；他们铺展圣草座（barhis）。在会众之中，凭着坚实之声的祈请，苏摩的欢悦被备办。诸般荣光自执持之处被承载而下，显现于世；那呼唤远达，指向行于人间的雄牛之力。
Word by Word
प्रforth, forward
प्र:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्र (upasarga)
यन्तिthey go, they proceed
यन्ति:
(with implied subject) Kartā
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु)
यज्ञम्the sacrifice
यज्ञम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
विapart, widely, distinctly
वि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवि (upasarga)
पयन्तिthey drink/imbibe
पयन्ति:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Rootपा (धातु) "to drink" (Vedic: also ‘to taste/imbibe, enjoy’)
बर्हिःthe sacred grass (barhis)
बर्हिः:
Kartā (of an implied verb like ‘is spread/laid’ or as ritual subject)
TypeNoun
Rootबर्हिस् (प्रातिपदिक)
सोमम्Soma (the pressed drink)
सोमम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसोम (प्रातिपदिक)
आदःeaters/consumers (i.e., drinkers)
आदः:
Kartā (with following plural predicate)
TypeAdjective
Rootआद (kṛdanta from √अद् ‘to eat’ / ‘to consume’)
विदथेin the rite/assembly (vidatha)
विदथे:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeNoun
Rootविदथ (प्रातिपदिक)
दुध्रवाचःhaving swift/impetuous speech
दुध्रवाचः:
Kartā (agreeing with ‘आदः’ as a descriptive epithet)
TypeAdjective
Rootदुध्रु-वाच् (compound prātipadika)
न्युdown, in (emphatic)
न्यु:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनि (upasarga) + उ (particle; Vedic)
भ्रियन्तेthey are borne/carried
भ्रियन्ते:
(with implied subject) Kartā
TypeVerb
Rootभृ (धातु)
यशसःglories, renown
यशसः:
Kartā (of ‘भ्रियन्ते’)
TypeNoun
Rootयशस् (प्रातिपदिक)
गृभादाःgivers of grasping/booty; bestowers who seize (epithet)
गृभादाः:
Kartā (apposition to ‘यशसः’ or to the carriers/agents)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootगृभा-द (compound; kṛdanta from √दा ‘to give’ with base ‘गृभा/गृभ’ ‘seizing, grasping’)
दूरfar
दूर:
—
TypeAdjective (used adverbially in compound)
Rootदूर (प्रातिपदिक)
उपब्दःhaving a call/cry; sounding
उपब्दः:
Kartā (as epithet in apposition)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootउपब्द (प्रातिपदिक; from upa-√vad/√bad ‘sound, call’)
वृषणःthe bull; the vigorous one
वृषणः:
Kartā (epithet)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootवृषन् (प्रातिपदिक)
नृषाचःdwelling among men; abiding with men
नृषाचः:
Kartā (epithet)
TypeAdjective
Rootनृ-षाच् (compound prātipadika)
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